{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:21:52Z","timestamp":1760149312228,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we present the properties of a communication channel used for implantable devices. The human\u2013body communication (HBC) channel was proposed for data communication in implantable devices. The impulse response was measured using a channel-mimicking model, which mimics electrical losses caused by human body tissues. Furthermore, we compared two types of channel-mimicking models to evaluate their applicability depending on the measurement environment. The resultant impulse responses of the HBC channel showed that HBC does not cause severe changes in the channel properties even when the implantable device is rotated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23156754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T07:58:52Z","timestamp":1690531132000},"page":"6754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Non-Directional Property of Human\u2013Body Communication Channel for Implantable Device Application"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jaehyo","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AI Healthcare Research Center, Department of IT Fusion Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daegil","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AI Healthcare Research Center, Department of IT Fusion Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9856-7248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AI Healthcare Research Center, Department of IT Fusion Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meina","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instrument Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"},{"name":"Yibin Research Institute of Jilin University, Yibin 644000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelson, B.D., Karipott, S.S., Wang, Y., and Ong, K.G. (2020). Wireless technologies for implantable devices. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20164604"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics2010001","article-title":"Implantable devices: Issues and challenges","volume":"2","author":"Bazaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"169","article-title":"A feasibility study on the adoption of human body communication for medical service","volume":"62","author":"Hyoung","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Technological aspects of WBANs for health monitoring: A comprehensive review","volume":"25","author":"Roopali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wirel. Netw."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2023, May 01). Intromedic \u2018Microcam\u2019. 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Antennas Propag."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11934","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2892130","article-title":"Experimental Verifications of Low Frequency Path Gain (PG) Channel Modeling for Implantable Medical Device (IMD)","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2018.2879462","article-title":"Bio-Physical Modeling, Characterization, and Optimization of Electro-Quasistatic Human Body Communication","volume":"66","author":"Maity","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2446","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2013.2258766","article-title":"A comprehensive study into intrabody communication measurements","volume":"62","author":"Callejon","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"(2023, May 01). IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks\u2014Part 15.6: Wireless Body Area Networks. Available online: https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/stamp\/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6161600."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/23\/15\/6754\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:21:27Z","timestamp":1760127687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/23\/15\/6754"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["s23156754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s23156754","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]}}}