{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:48:24Z","timestamp":1791996504952,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52107144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52107144"]}]},{"name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["Q20211401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q20211401"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Hubei Education Department of China","award":["52107144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52107144"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Hubei Education Department of China","award":["Q20211401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q20211401"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To meet the real demand for broadband full-band high-gain antenna sensors in the process of partial discharge (PD) Ultra-High frequency (UHF) detection test and online monitoring of power equipment, this paper builds a resonant cavity monopole UHF antenna sensor based on Fabry\u2013Perot resonant cavity antenna technology, conducts the sensor Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) optimization study using curved flow technology, conducts the sensor gain optimization study using slot dual resonant structure, and, finally, tests the sensor performance using the built PD detection test platform. The resonant cavity monopole antenna exhibits outstanding VSWR performance in the frequency range of 0.37 GHz\u20133 GHz, according to simulation and test data: the average gain in the frequency range of 0.3 GHz\u20133 GHz is 4.92 dBi, and the highest gain at the primary resonant frequency of 1.0 GHz is 7.16 dBi, with good radiation performance over the whole frequency spectrum. The electromagnetic pulse signal sensed by the UHF sensor developed in this paper can demonstrate the energy spectrum distribution characteristics of PD radiation electromagnetic wave signal more comprehensively, laying a firm technical foundation for thoroughly understanding the electromagnetic wave radiation characteristics of various types of PD insulation defects of various power equipment and the selection of a specific direction for its supporting optimization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23156847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T09:32:35Z","timestamp":1690882355000},"page":"6847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Partial Discharge Wideband Full-Band High-Gain Resonant Cavity UHF Sensor Research"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6333-4210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengqiang","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electric Power Research Institute, Guangxi Power Grid Co., Ltd., Nanning 530023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guozhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyue","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5872-2039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Research status and development of UHF antenna for GIS partial discharge detection","volume":"51","author":"Kap","year":"2015","journal-title":"High Volt. 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