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This article compares two types of edge sensor layouts, vertical and horizontal, and proposes a novel tandem differential sensor layout that saves layout space and reduces the number of positioning references. The control performance of this scheme is analyzed in terms of error propagation, mode representation, and the scalable construction of the control matrix. Finally, we constructed a tandem differential-based sensor detection system to examine the performance of edge sensors and the effect of laboratory environmental variables on sensor measurements. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that this scheme has the same ability to fully characterize actuator modification modes as the Keck edge sensor layout. Although the total error multiplier is slightly larger than the latter, it has fewer scalable control matrix types and stronger spatial and segmental shape adaptation capabilities. Actual measurements show that the sensor\u2019s own noise in a tandem differential layout is less than 20 nm, which meets the requirements for future segmented co-phase maintenance. This layout type can potentially be applied to future small and medium-sized segmented splices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23167252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T10:28:48Z","timestamp":1692354528000},"page":"7252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Novel Tandem Differential Edge Sensor Layout for Segmented Mirror Telescopes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Yinlong","family":"Huo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3371-841X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuguo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiakang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210040","DOI":"10.29026\/oea.2021.210040","article-title":"Advances in optical engineering for future telescopes","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opto-Electron. 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