{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:37:17Z","timestamp":1768480637204,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62273131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62273131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, an adaptive backstepping terminal sliding mode control (ABTSMC) method based on a double hidden layer recurrent neural network (DHLRNN) is proposed for a DC-DC buck converter. The DHLRNN is utilized to approximate and compensate for the system uncertainty. On the basis of backstepping control, a terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) is introduced to ensure the finite-time convergence of the tracking error. The effectiveness of the composite control method is verified on a converter prototype in different test conditions. The experimental comparison results demonstrate the proposed control method has better steady-state performance and faster transient response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23177450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T06:10:22Z","timestamp":1693203022000},"page":"7450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Adaptive Neural Backstepping Terminal Sliding Mode Control of a DC-DC Buck Converter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Power Transmission and Distribution Equipment Technology, College of Information Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"},{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"}]},{"given":"Juntao","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Power Transmission and Distribution Equipment Technology, College of Information Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"},{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2008.922768","article-title":"Power Electronics and Motor Drives in Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles","volume":"55","author":"Emadi","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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