{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T16:01:23Z","timestamp":1773849683781,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we developed and validated a robotic testbench to investigate the biomechanical compatibility of three total knee arthroplasty (TKA) configurations under different loading conditions, including varus\u2013valgus and internal\u2013external loading across defined flexion angles. The testbench captured force\u2013torque data, position, and quaternion information of the knee joint. A cadaver study was conducted, encompassing a native knee joint assessment and successive TKA testing, featuring femoral component rotations at \u22125\u00b0, 0\u00b0, and +5\u00b0 relative to the transepicondylar axis of the femur. The native knee showed enhanced stability in varus\u2013valgus loading, with the +5\u00b0 external rotation TKA displaying the smallest deviation, indicating biomechanical compatibility. The robotic testbench consistently demonstrated high precision across all loading conditions. The findings demonstrated that the TKA configuration with a +5\u00b0 external rotation displayed the minimal mean deviation under internal\u2013external loading, indicating superior joint stability. These results contribute meaningful understanding regarding the influence of different TKA configurations on knee joint biomechanics, potentially influencing surgical planning and implant positioning. We are making the collected dataset available for further biomechanical model development and plan to explore the 6 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) robotic platform for additional biomechanical analysis. This study highlights the versatility and usefulness of the robotic testbench as an instrumental tool for expanding our understanding of knee joint biomechanics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23177459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T06:10:22Z","timestamp":1693203022000},"page":"7459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Validation of a Robotic Testbench for Evaluating Biomechanical Effects of Implant Rotation in Total Knee Arthroplasty on a Cadaveric Specimen"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3352-2895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolas","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7633-6622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantin","family":"von Deimling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7696-4955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Haddadin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3540-6302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Glowalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Murnau, 82418 Murnau, Germany"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Burgkart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3619-3","article-title":"Complex function of the knee joint: The current understanding of the knee","volume":"23","author":"Hirschmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knee Surgery Sport. 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