{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:30:53Z","timestamp":1782858653847,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009388","name":"Jazan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JZU118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JZU118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009388","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electrochemical sensors play an important role in a variety of applications. With the potential for enhanced performance, much of the focus has been on developing nanomaterials, in particular graphene, for such sensors. Recent work has looked towards laser scribing technology for the reduction of graphene oxide as an easy and cost-effective option for sensor fabrication. This work looks to develop this approach by assessing the quality of sensors produced with the effect of different ambient atmospheres during the laser scribing process. The graphene oxide was reduced using a laser writing system in a range of atmospheres and sensors characterised with Raman spectroscopy, XPS and cyclic voltammetry. Although providing a slightly higher defect density, sensors fabricated under argon and nitrogen atmospheres exhibited the highest average electron transfer rates of approximately 2 \u00d7 10\u22123 cms\u22121. Issues of sensor reproducibility using this approach are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23188002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T21:16:49Z","timestamp":1695331009000},"page":"8002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of Ambient Environment on Laser Reduction of Graphene Oxide for Applications in Electrochemical Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Abdullah A.","family":"Faqihi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK"},{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Keegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidija","family":"\u0160iller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2893-8776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Hedley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0202278","article-title":"Electrochemical sensors","volume":"74","author":"Bakker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anal. 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