{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:41:05Z","timestamp":1777657265050,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a triple-input and four-output type voltage-mode universal active filter based on three current-feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs). The filter employs three CFOAs, two grounded capacitors, and six resistors. The filter structure has three high-input and three low-output impedances that simultaneously provide band-reject, high-pass, low-pass, and band-pass filtering functions with single-input and four-output type and also implements an all-pass filtering function by connecting three input signals to one input without the use of voltage inverters or switches. The same circuit configuration enables two unique filtering functions: low-pass notch and high-pass notch. Three CFOAs with three high-input and low-output impedance terminals enable cascading without voltage buffers. The circuit is implemented using three commercial off-the-shelf AD844 integrated circuits, two grounded capacitors, and six resistors and further implemented as a CFOA-based chip using three CFOAs, two grounded capacitors, and six resistors. The CFOA-based chip has lower power consumption and higher integration than the AD844-based filter. The circuit was simulated using OrCAD PSpice to verify the AD844-based filter and Synopsys HSpice for post-layout simulation of the CFOA-based chip. The theoretical analysis is validated and confirmed by measurements on an AD844-based filter and a CFOA-based chip.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23198258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T09:14:22Z","timestamp":1696497262000},"page":"8258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Design and Verification of a New Universal Active Filter Based on the Current Feedback Operational Amplifier and Commercial AD844 Integrated Circuit"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2666-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua-Pin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"I-Chyn","family":"Wey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Liang-Yen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Yueh","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"San-Fu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumngern, M., Aupithak, N., Khateb, F., and Kulej, T. 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