{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T20:46:32Z","timestamp":1768596392086,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52278303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52278303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFB1600702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFB1600702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"the Ministry of Science and Technology, China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52278303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52278303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"the Ministry of Science and Technology, China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFB1600702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFB1600702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ultrasonic guided wave technique is extensively used for nondestructive structural testing, and one of the key steps is to extract a single mode with certain purity from multi-order mixed modes. In this paper, the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in the cylindrical rod is simulated first; the appropriate broadband excitation signal is selected to excite the multi-order modes in a specific frequency range; and the time\u2013space signal containing multi-order modes is converted to the frequency-wavenumber domain signal by two-dimensional Fourier transform. In the frequency-wavenumber domain, the frequency-wavenumber ridge is extracted from the multi-mode frequency-wavenumber domain based on the dynamic programming method, and then the time-domain signal corresponding to a single mode can be reconstructed. By comparing the excited multi-order mode and the separated single mode with the theoretical results, it is observed that the two results are consistent. Thus, the employed mode-excitation method can accurately excite the multi-order modes in rod structures. Furthermore, the proposed method enables the separation of a single-mode wave with high purity, providing a foundation for future utilization of isolated modes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23208483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T01:31:22Z","timestamp":1697419882000},"page":"8483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Multi-Order Mode Excitation and Separation of Ultrasonic Guided Waves in Rod Structures Using 2D-FFT"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4486-6100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"}]},{"given":"Juke","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0980-5687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earthquake Engineering Research & Test Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Grattan, K.T.V., and Augousti, D.A. 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