{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T18:10:47Z","timestamp":1772302247103,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chongqing Talents Program","award":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0128"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Talents Program","award":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0287"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Talents Program","award":["2023TDZ002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TDZ002"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Talents Program","award":["gzlcx20233075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["gzlcx20233075"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing University of Technology Research and Innovation Team Cultivation Program","award":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0128"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing University of Technology Research and Innovation Team Cultivation Program","award":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0287"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing University of Technology Research and Innovation Team Cultivation Program","award":["2023TDZ002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TDZ002"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing University of Technology Research and Innovation Team Cultivation Program","award":["gzlcx20233075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["gzlcx20233075"]}]},{"name":"Graduate innovation project of Chongqing University of Technology","award":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0128"]}]},{"name":"Graduate innovation project of Chongqing University of Technology","award":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTC2021YCJH-BGZXM0287"]}]},{"name":"Graduate innovation project of Chongqing University of Technology","award":["2023TDZ002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TDZ002"]}]},{"name":"Graduate innovation project of Chongqing University of Technology","award":["gzlcx20233075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["gzlcx20233075"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study introduces a new wearable fiber-optic sensor glove. The glove utilizes a flexible material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and a silicone tube to encapsulate fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). It is employed to enable the self-perception of hand posture, gesture recognition, and the prediction of grasping objects. The investigation employs the Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach for predicting grasping objects. The proposed fiber-optic sensor glove can concurrently monitor the motion of 14 hand joints comprising 5 metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP), 5 proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP), and 4 distal interphalangeal joints (DIP). To expand the measurement range of the sensors, a sinusoidal layout incorporates the FBG array into the glove. The experimental results indicate that the wearable sensing glove can track finger flexion within a range of 0\u00b0 to 100\u00b0, with a modest minimum measurement error (Error) of 0.176\u00b0 and a minimum standard deviation (SD) of 0.685\u00b0. Notably, the glove accurately detects hand gestures in real-time and even forecasts grasping actions. The fiber-optic smart glove technology proposed herein holds promising potential for industrial applications, including object grasping, 3D displays via virtual reality, and human\u2013computer interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23208495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T08:32:57Z","timestamp":1697445177000},"page":"8495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Study on the Design and Performance of a Glove Based on the FBG Array for Hand Posture Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Hongcheng","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3246-1058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Binbin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"given":"Decao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"given":"Fudan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"given":"Shenghui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]},{"given":"Mingfu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25211","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.24.025211","article-title":"Distributed shape sensing using Brillouin scattering in multi-core fibers","volume":"24","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26461","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.398794","article-title":"Selective fiber Bragg grating inscription in four-core fiber for two-dimension vector bending sensing","volume":"28","author":"Bao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2020.106018","article-title":"Fiber optical multifunctional human-machine interface for motion capture, temperature, and contact force monitoring","volume":"128","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Lasers Eng."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaramillo-Yanez, A., Benalcazar, M.E., and Mena-Maldinado, E. (2020). Real-time hand gesture recognition using surface electromyography and machine learning: A systematic literature review. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092467"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-021-00827-x","article-title":"Methods, databases and recent adva2ncement of vision-based hand gesture recognition for HCI systems: A review","volume":"2","author":"Sarma","year":"2021","journal-title":"SN Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2021.3086003","article-title":"Human-machine interaction sensing technology based on hand gesture recognition: A review","volume":"51","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Hum. Mach. Syst."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2022.113482","article-title":"Finger motion detection based on optical fiber Bragg grating with polyimide substrate","volume":"338","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators A Phys."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2019.2893036","article-title":"Real-Time Surface Shape Sensing for Soft and Flexible Structures Using Fiber Bragg Gratings","volume":"4","author":"Lun","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2016.2530867","article-title":"Curvature, Torsion, and Force Sensing in Continuum Robots Using Helically Wrapped FBG Sensors","volume":"1","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, X., Wen, R., Shen, Z., Wang, Z., Luk, K.D.K., and Hu, Y. (2018). A Wearable Detector for Simultaneous Finger Joint Motion Measurement. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst., 1.","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2018.2810182"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.21701","article-title":"When the Dust Settles: The Four Behaviors of LiDAR in the Presence of Fine Airborne Particulates","volume":"34","author":"Phillips","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Field Rob."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Phillips, T., Hahn, M., and McAree, R. (2013, January 9\u201312). An Evaluation of Ranging Sensor Performance for Mining Automation Applications. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE\/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), Wollongong, NSW, Australia.","DOI":"10.1109\/AIM.2013.6584271"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2018.2885957","article-title":"Toward Commercial Polymer Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors: Review and Applications","volume":"37","author":"Broadway","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Light. Technol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba5504","article-title":"Stretchable distributed fiber-optic sensors","volume":"370","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900086","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201900086","article-title":"Wearable and Skin-Mountable Fiber-Optic Strain Sensors Interrogated by a Free-Running, Dual-Comb Fiber Laser","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7620","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.3046521","article-title":"Design and Evaluation of an FBG Sensor-Based Glove to Simultaneously Monitor Flexure of Ten Finger Joints","volume":"21","author":"Jha","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17868","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3083961","article-title":"Curvature Sensor Based on FBGs Embedded in 3D Printed Patches","volume":"21","author":"Palma","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2017.2782736","article-title":"Parallel Transport Frame for Fiber Shape Sensing","volume":"10","author":"Cui","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics J."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2018.09.171","article-title":"Polyvinyl Chloride Reinforced Soft Silicone Curvature Sensor with Optical Fiber Implantation","volume":"177","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26793","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3120995","article-title":"Embedded FBG-Based Sensor for Joint Movement Monitoring","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"060901","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.59.6.060901","article-title":"Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Monitoring of Physical Parameters: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"59","author":"Sahota","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"14081","article-title":"Optical System Based on Multiplexed FBGs to Monitor Hand Movements","volume":"21","author":"Diaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2003.03.0181","article-title":"Evaluation of an Instrumented Glove for Hand-Movement Acquisition","volume":"40","author":"Dipietro","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Res. Dev."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/23\/20\/8495\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:07:43Z","timestamp":1760130463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/23\/20\/8495"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["s23208495"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s23208495","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]}}}