{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T21:17:30Z","timestamp":1773868650245,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In today\u2019s world, merging sensor-based security systems with contemporary principles has become crucial. As we witness the ever-growing number of interconnected devices in the Internet of Things (IoT), it is imperative to have robust and trustworthy security measures in place. In this paper, we examine the idea of virtualizing the communication infrastructure for smart farming in the context of IoT. Our approach utilizes a metaverse-based framework that mimics natural processes such as mycelium network growth communication with a security-concept-based srtificial immune system (AIS) and transaction models of a multi-agent system (MAS). The mycelium, a bridge that transfers nutrients from one plant to another, is an underground network (IoT below ground) that can interconnect multiple plants. Our objective is to study and simulate the mycelium\u2019s behavior, which serves as an underground IoT, and we anticipate that the simulation results, supported by diverse aspects, can be a reference for future IoT network development. A proof of concept is presented, demonstrating the capabilities of such a virtualized network for dedicated sensor communication and easy reconfiguration for various needs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23218689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T11:39:04Z","timestamp":1698147544000},"page":"8689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Smart Farm Security by Combining IoT Sensor Network and Virtualized Mycelium Network"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Nurdiansyah","family":"Sirimorok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering (CSSE), Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8032-0699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rio Mukhtarom","family":"Paweroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering (CSSE), Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan"}]},{"given":"Andi Arniaty","family":"Arsyad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering (CSSE), Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"K\u00f6ppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering (CSSE), Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Secure Iot integration in daily lives: A review","volume":"1","author":"Khalid","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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