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IRT technology is used for defect detection due to its non-contact, efficient, and high-resolution methods, which enhance product quality and reliability. This review offers an overview of active IRT principles. It comprehensively examines four categories based on the type of heat sources employed: pulsed thermography (PT), lock-in thermography (LT), ultrasonically stimulated vibration thermography (UVT), and eddy current thermography (ECT). Furthermore, the review explores the application of IRT imaging in the renewable energy sector, with a specific focus on the photovoltaic (PV) industry. The integration of IRT imaging and deep learning techniques presents an efficient and highly accurate solution for detecting defects in PV panels, playing a critical role in monitoring and maintaining PV energy systems. In addition, the application of infrared thermal imaging technology in electronic industry is reviewed. In the development and manufacturing of electronic products, IRT imaging is used to assess the performance and thermal characteristics of circuit boards. It aids in detecting potential material and manufacturing defects, ensuring product quality. Furthermore, the research discusses algorithmic detection for PV panels, the excitation sources used in electronic industry inspections, and infrared wavelengths. Finally, the review analyzes the advantages and challenges of IRT imaging concerning excitation sources, the PV industry, the electronics industry, and artificial intelligence (AI). It provides insights into critical issues requiring attention in future research endeavors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23218780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T11:50:18Z","timestamp":1698407418000},"page":"8780","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Progress in Active Infrared Imaging for Defect Detection in the Renewable and Electronic Industries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Xinfeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Water Conservancy Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng 475000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangjing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunchang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment, Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment, Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3375-3482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wuyi","family":"Ming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment, Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute, Dongguan 523808, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, Z., and Mu, E. 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