{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:39:16Z","timestamp":1760150356006,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China funded project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fund of Aeronautics Science","award":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"]}]},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Helicopter Rotor Dynamics Fund project","award":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52275536","20220028052002","2021YFC2802300","61422202207"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Real-time online identification of spacecraft segment damage is of great significance for realizing spacecraft structural health monitoring and life prediction. In this paper, a damage response characteristic field inversion algorithm based on the differential reconstruction of strain response is proposed to solve the problem of not being able to recognize the small damages of spacecraft structure directly by the strain response alone. Four crack damage location identification methods based on vector norm computation are proposed, which realize online identification and precise location of structural damage events without external excitation by means of spacecraft structural working loads only. A spacecraft segment structural damage monitoring system based on fiber optic grating sensors was constructed, and the average error of damage localization based on the curvature vector 2 norm calculation was 2.58 mm, and the root-mean-square error was 1.98 mm. The results show that the method has superior engineering applicability for on-orbit service environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23218822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T13:26:55Z","timestamp":1698672415000},"page":"8822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spacecraft Segment Damage Identification Method Based on Fiber Optic Strain Difference Field Reconstruction and Norm Calculation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jihong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binbin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruixin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangfei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Reaction of spacecraft batteries to hypervelocity impact","volume":"21","author":"Christiansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orbital Debris Q. 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