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pipelines. However, the lowest-order shear horizontal waves (SH0) guided waves have difficulties in distinctly differentiating internal and external defects. To enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution, a unidirectional electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) based on Circumferential Lamb waves (CLamb waves) is developed. Through structural parameter optimization and excitation frequency adjustment, high-amplitude and low-dispersion CLamb waves are successfully generated in the high-frequency-thickness product region of the dispersion curve. Finite element simulations and experimental validation confirm the capability of this EMAT in exciting CLamb waves for the detection of crack-like defects. Experimental results demonstrate that the excitation efficiency of the CLamb EMAT exceeds that of the periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducer by more than tenfold. The defect reflection signal of the CLamb EMAT exhibits higher resolution and more significant amplitude compared to the PPM EMAT. The integration of this method with SH0 mode detection allows for the inspection of both internal and external defects in pipelines, offering a new avenue for EMAT applications in pipeline inspection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23218843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:53:32Z","timestamp":1698756812000},"page":"8843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Internal and External Pipe Defect Characterization via High-Frequency Lamb Waves Generated by Unidirectional EMAT"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9197-5716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4974-9077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute, Wuhan 430064, China"}]},{"given":"Jundong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Sclence And Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8777-4778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, S., Cho, H., Lindsey, M.S., and Lissenden, C.J. 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