{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T22:22:28Z","timestamp":1774304548231,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ability of the lumbar extensor muscles to accurately control static and dynamic forces is important during daily activities such as lifting. Lumbar extensor force control is impaired in low-back pain patients and may therefore explain the variances in lifting kinematics. Thirty-three chronic low-back pain participants were instructed to lift weight using a self-selected technique. Participants also performed an isometric lumbar extension task where they increased and decreased their lumbar extensor force output to match a variable target force within 20\u201350% lumbar extensor maximal voluntary contraction. Lifting trunk and lower limb range of motion and angular velocity variables derived from phase plane analysis in all planes were calculated. Lumbar extensor force control was analyzed by calculating the Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) between the participants\u2019 force and the target force during the increasing (RMSEA), decreasing (RMSED) force portions and for the overall force error (RMSET) of the test. The relationship between lifting kinematics and RMSE variables was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Knee angular velocity in the sagittal and coronal planes were positively associated with RMSEA (R2 = 0.10, \u03b2 = 0.35, p = 0.046 and R2 = 0.21, \u03b2 = 0.48, p = 0.004, respectively). Impaired lumbar extensor force control is associated with increased multiplanar knee movement velocity during lifting. The study findings suggest a potential relationship between lumbar and lower limb neuromuscular function in people with chronic low-back pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23218855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:53:32Z","timestamp":1698756812000},"page":"8855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impaired Lumbar Extensor Force Control Is Associated with Increased Lifting Knee Velocity in People with Chronic Low-Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7877-1679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Pranata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Mill Park 3082, Australia"},{"name":"School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn 3122, Australia"},{"name":"College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Farragher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Mill Park 3082, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Perraton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston 3199, Australia"}]},{"given":"Doa","family":"El-Ansary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Mill Park 3082, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville 3052, Australia"}]},{"given":"Ross","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, University of Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs 4556, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9902-0858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denny","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn 3122, Australia"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China"},{"name":"Research Institute for Sports and Exercise, University of Canberra, Bruce 2617, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4360-8310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Mentiplay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LaTrobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia"}]},{"given":"Adam L.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bogduk, N. 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