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The sustainable management of these natural resources requires effective control of fish landings and, therefore, an accurate calculation of fishing quotas. This work proposes a deep learning-based spatial-spectral method to classify five pelagic species of interest for the Chilean fishing industry, including the targeted Engraulis ringens, Merluccius gayi, and Strangomera bentincki and non-targeted Normanichthtys crockeri and Stromateus stellatus fish species. This proof-of-concept method is composed of two channels of a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that processes the Red\u2013Green\u2013Blue (RGB) images and the visible and near-infrared (VIS-NIR) reflectance spectra of each species. The classification results of the CNN model achieved over 94% in all performance metrics, outperforming other state-of-the-art techniques. These results support the potential use of the proposed method to automatically monitor fish landings and, therefore, ensure compliance with the established fishing quotas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23218909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T02:05:07Z","timestamp":1698890707000},"page":"8909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Spatial-Spectral Classification Method Based on Deep Learning for Controlling Pelagic Fish Landings in Chile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5225-5334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Pezoa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1428-293X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego A.","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8003-155X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristofher A.","family":"Godoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3661-0866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda F.","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8782-2175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia E.","family":"Restrepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4090541, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Energ\u00eda, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4090541, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7501-7785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo A.","family":"Coelho-Caro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Concepci\u00f3n 4080871, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0994-5919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Engineering Sciences, Universidad de O\u2019Higgins, Rancagua 2841959, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2390-2133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco G.","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6193-9949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio N.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8040-6147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio A.","family":"Urbina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"},{"name":"Instituto Milenio de Oceanograf\u00eda (IMO), Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e14031","article-title":"Nutritional composition, heavy metal contents and lipid quality of five marine fish species from Cameroon coast","volume":"9","author":"Manz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2018). 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