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Geodesy","award":["434617780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["434617780"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the context of simulating precision laser interferometers, we use several examples to compare two wavefront decomposition methods\u2014the Mode Expansion Method (MEM) and the Gaussian Beam Decomposition (GBD) method\u2014for their precision and applicability. To assess the performance of these methods, we define different types of errors and study their properties. We specify how the two methods can be fairly compared and based on that, compare the quality of the MEM and GBD through several examples. Here, we test cases for which analytic results are available, i.e., non-clipped circular and general astigmatic Gaussian beams, as well as clipped circular Gaussian beams, in the near, far, and extremely far fields of millions of kilometers occurring in space-gravitational wave detectors. Additionally, we compare the methods for aberrated wavefronts and their interaction with optical components by testing reflections from differently curved mirrors. We find that both methods can generally be used for decomposing non-Gaussian beams. However, which method is more accurate depends on the optical system and simulation settings. In the given examples, the MEM more accurately describes non-clipped Gaussian beams, whereas for clipped Gaussian beams and the interaction with surfaces, the GBD is more precise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23229024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T11:25:31Z","timestamp":1699356331000},"page":"9024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Method Comparison for Simulating Non-Gaussian Beams and Diffraction for Precision Interferometry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space System, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Nanertiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazheng","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"TaiJi Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing\/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Gravitational Physics, Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover, Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3347-5045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Kaune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Gravitational Physics, Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover, Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00f6nke","family":"Schuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Gravitational Physics, Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover, Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenxiang","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"TaiJi Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing\/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5578-1471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gudrun","family":"Wanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Gravitational Physics, Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover, Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Callinstr. 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Hecht, E. 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