{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T22:57:10Z","timestamp":1774393030868,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62172060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFG0316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFG0316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023ZHCG0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZHCG0004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFB3304303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB3304303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["62172060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172060"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2022YFG0316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFG0316"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2023ZHCG0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZHCG0004"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2022YFB3304303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB3304303"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Plan","award":["62172060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172060"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Plan","award":["2022YFG0316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFG0316"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Plan","award":["2023ZHCG0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZHCG0004"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Plan","award":["2022YFB3304303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB3304303"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid development and extensive application of the Internet of Things (IoT) have brought new challenges and opportunities to the field of communication. By integrating quantum secure communication with the IoT, we can provide a higher level of security and privacy protection to counteract security threats in the IoT. In this paper, a hybrid quantum communication scheme using six-qubit entangled states as a channel is proposed for specific IoT application scenarios. This scheme achieves hierarchical control of communication protocols on a single quantum channel. In the proposed scheme, device A transmits data to device B through quantum teleportation, while device B issues control commands to device A through remote quantum state preparation technology. These two tasks are controlled by control nodes C and D, respectively. The transmission of information from device A to device B is a relatively less important task, which can be solely controlled by control node C. On the other hand, issuing control commands from device B to device A is a more crucial task requiring joint control from control nodes C and D. This paper describes the proposed scheme and conducts simulation experiments using IBM\u2019s Qiskit Aer quantum computing simulator. The results demonstrate that the fidelity of the quantum teleportation protocol (QTP) and the remote state preparation protocol (RSP) reach an impressive value of 0.999, fully validating the scheme\u2019s feasibility. Furthermore, the factors affecting the fidelity of the hybrid communication protocol in an IoT environment with specific quantum noise are analyzed. By combining the security of quantum communication with the application scenarios of the IoT, this paper presents a new possibility for IoT communication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23229111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T02:46:47Z","timestamp":1699843607000},"page":"9111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Hierarchical Controlled Hybrid Quantum Communication Based on Six-Qubit Entangled States in IoT"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8965-4340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Hua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3892-4546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongfen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1424-1532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]},{"given":"Yonghao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]},{"given":"Yuqiao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Cyber Security (Oxford Brookes College), Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"020315","DOI":"10.1103\/PRXQuantum.3.020315","article-title":"Breaking the Rate-Loss Bound of Quantum Key Distribution with Asynchronous Two-Photon Interference","volume":"3","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"PRX Quantum"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250801","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.130.250801","article-title":"Experimental Quantum Communication Overcomes the Rate-Loss Limit without Global Phase Tracking","volume":"130","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys. 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