{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T18:46:55Z","timestamp":1785178015781,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZK [2021] 320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2021] 320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZK [2023] 260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2023] 260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52072161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52175127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52175127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BZ2022055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ2022055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["ZK [2021] 320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2021] 320"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["ZK [2023] 260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2023] 260"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52072161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072161"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52175127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52175127"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["BZ2022055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ2022055"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["ZK [2021] 320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2021] 320"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["ZK [2023] 260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2023] 260"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["52072161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52072161"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["52175127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52175127"]}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["BZ2022055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ2022055"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we present a novel robust adaptive neural network-based control framework to address the ride height tracking control problem of active air suspension systems with magnetorheological fluid damper (MRD-AAS) subject to uncertain mass and time-varying input delay. First, a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) approximator is designed to compensate for unmodeled dynamics of the MRD. Then, a projector-based estimator is developed to estimate uncertain parameter variation (sprung mass). Additionally, to deal with the effect of input delay, a time-delay compensator is integrated in the adaptive control law to enhance the transient response of MRD-AAS system. By introducing a Lyapunov\u2013Krasovskii (LK) functional, both ride height tracking and estimator errors can robustly converge towards the neighborhood of the desired values, achieving uniform ultimate boundness. Finally, comparative simulation results based on a dynamic co-simulator built in AMESim 2021.2 and Matlab\/Simulink 2019(b) are given to illustrate the validity of the proposed control framework, showing its effectiveness to operate ride height regulation with MRD-AAS systems accurately and reliably under random road excitations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24010156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T07:45:32Z","timestamp":1703663132000},"page":"156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Neural Network-Based Adaptive Height Tracking Control of Active Air Suspension System with Magnetorheological Fluid Damper Subject to Uncertain Mass and Input Delay"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Rongchen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haifeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinle","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Highway, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2021.3075761","article-title":"Event-Triggered Asynchronous Fuzzy Filtering for Vehicle Sideslip Angle Estimation with Data Quantization and Dropouts","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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