{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:14:03Z","timestamp":1768547643908,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Italy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to investigate and compare the vertical Ground Reaction Forces (vGRFs) of patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease (PwPD) and healthy subjects (HS) when the confounding effect of walking speed was absent. Therefore, eighteen PwPD and eighteen age- and linear walking speed-matched HS were recruited. Using plantar pressure insoles, participants walked along linear and curvilinear paths at self-selected speeds. Interestingly, PwPD exhibited similar walking speed to HS during curvilinear trajectories (p = 0.48) and similar vGRF during both linear and curvilinear paths. In both groups, vGRF at initial contact and terminal stance was higher during linear walking, while vGRF at mid-stance was higher in curvilinear trajectories. Similarly, the time to peak vGRF at each phase showed no significant group differences. The vGRF timing variability was different between the two groups, particularly at terminal stance (p &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, PwPD and HS showed similar modifications in vGRF and a similar reduction in gait speed during curvilinear paths when matched for linear walking speed. This emphasized the importance of considering walking speed when assessing gait dynamics in PwPD. This study also suggests the possibility of the variability of specific temporal measures in differentiating the gait patterns of PwPD versus those of HS, even in the early stages of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24010179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1703756121000},"page":"179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vertical Ground Reaction Forces in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A Speed-Matched Comparative Analysis with Healthy Subjects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8910-2649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marica","family":"Giardini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, 28013 Gattico-Veruno, Italy"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Turcato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Department, The Clavadel\u2014The Geoghegan Group, 1 Pit Farm Road, Guildford GU1 2JH, Surrey, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5948-2428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Arcolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, 28013 Gattico-Veruno, Italy"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Corna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, 28013 Gattico-Veruno, Italy"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Godi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, 28013 Gattico-Veruno, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.06.003","article-title":"Classification of the reduced vertical component of the ground reaction force in late stance in cerebral palsy gait","volume":"34","author":"Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aerts, P., Goyens, J., Berillon, G., D\u2019Ao\u00fbt, K., and Druelle, F. 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