{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:44:46Z","timestamp":1760150686819,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13N15732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13N15732"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The wide use of sulfuryl difluoride (SO2F2) for termite control in buildings, warehouses and shipping containers requires the implementation of suitable sensors for reliable detection. SO2F2 is highly toxic to humans and the environment, and moreover, it is a potent greenhouse gas. We developed two photoacoustic two-chamber sensors with the aim to detect two different concentration ranges, 0\u20131 vol.-% SO2F2 and 0\u2013100 ppm SO2F2, so that different applications can be targeted: the sensor for high concentrations for the effective treatment of buildings, containers, etc., and the sensor for low concentrations as personal safety device. Photoacoustic detectors were designed, fabricated, and then filled with either pure SO2F2 or pure substituent gas, the refrigerant R227ea, to detect SO2F2. Absorption cells with optical path lengths of 50 mm and 1.6 m were built for both concentration ranges. The sensitivity to SO2F2 as well as cross-sensitivities to CO2 and H2O were measured. The results show that concentrations below 1 ppm SO2F2 can be reliably detected, and possible cross-sensitivities can be effectively compensated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24010191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1703756121000},"page":"191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Detection of SO2F2 Using a Photoacoustic Two-Chamber Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hassan","family":"Yassine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Eberhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"El-Safoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"W\u00f6llenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4646-8990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrin","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2022.106222","article-title":"Atmospheric mixing ratios and emissions of sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in China","volume":"275","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. 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