{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T15:55:00Z","timestamp":1774626900749,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ISCIII-CDTI","award":["PMPTA22\/00014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PMPTA22\/00014"]}]},{"name":"ISCIII-CDTI","award":["IND2022\/TIC-23501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IND2022\/TIC-23501"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010774","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n e Investigaci\u00f3n de la Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PMPTA22\/00014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PMPTA22\/00014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010774","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n e Investigaci\u00f3n de la Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IND2022\/TIC-23501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IND2022\/TIC-23501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, the prevalence of acquired brain injury (ABI) has been on the rise, leading to impaired gait functionality in affected individuals. Traditional gait exoskeletons are typically rigid and bilateral and lack adaptability. To address this, the STELO, a pioneering modular gait-assistive device, was developed. This device can be externally configured with joint modules to cater to the diverse impairments of each patient, aiming to enhance adaptability and efficiency. This study aims to assess the safety and usability of the initial functional modular prototype, STELO, in a sample of 14 ABI-diagnosed participants. Adverse events, device adjustment assistance and time, and gait performance were evaluated during three sessions of device use. The results revealed that STELO was safe, with no serious adverse events reported. The need for assistance and time required for device adjustment decreased progressively over the sessions. Although there was no significant improvement in walking speed observed after three sessions of using STELO, participants and therapists reported satisfactory levels of comfort and usability in questionnaires. Overall, this study demonstrates that the STELO modular device offers a safe and adaptable solution for individuals with ABI, with positive user and therapist feedback.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24010198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T03:28:41Z","timestamp":1703820521000},"page":"198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["STELO: A New Modular Robotic Gait Device for Acquired Brain Injury\u2014Exploring Its Usability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2878-9272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Cumplido-Trasmonte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Doctoral School, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Marsi Bionics SL, 28521 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Barqu\u00edn-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsi Bionics SL, 28521 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"Gor-Garc\u00eda-Fogeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsi Bionics SL, 28521 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Plaza-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsi Bionics SL, 28521 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Garc\u00eda-Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsi Bionics SL, 28521 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Herr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsi Bionics SL, 28521 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4271-3012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Alted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spanish National Reference Centre for Brain Injury (CEADAC), 28034 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"D\u00edaz-Valles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spanish National Reference Centre for Brain Injury (CEADAC), 28034 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"L\u00f3pez-Pascua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Lescer, 28035 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Arantxa","family":"Castrillo-Calvillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Lescer, 28035 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8616-5505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Molina-Rueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0552-5407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roemi","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Automation and Robotics (CAR), CSIC-UPM, Ctra. Campo Real km 0.2\u2013La Poveda-Arganda del Rey, 28500 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Garcia-Armada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marsi Bionics SL, 28521 Madrid, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70164-9","article-title":"Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in adults","volume":"7","author":"Maas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352","article-title":"Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury","volume":"130","author":"Dewan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.22","article-title":"Changing patterns in the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury","volume":"9","author":"Roozenbeek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.01.020","article-title":"Balance and balance self-efficacy are associated with activity and participation after stroke: A cross-sectional study in people with chronic stroke","volume":"93","author":"Schmid","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp043511","article-title":"Clinical practice. Rehabilitation after stroke","volume":"352","author":"Dobkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ponsford, J., Sloan, S., and Snow, P. (2013). Traumatic Brain Injury: Rehabilitation for Everyday Adaptive Living, Psychology Press. Available online: https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Traumatic-Brain-Injury-Rehabilitation-for-Everyday-Adaptive-Living-2nd\/Ponsford-Sloan-Snow\/p\/book\/9781138109858.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203082805"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2015.39.1.74","article-title":"The Effect of Post-Stroke Depression on Rehabilitation Outcome and the Impact of Caregiver Type as a Factor of Post-Stroke Depression","volume":"39","author":"Ahn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000303","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline to Improve Locomotor Function Following Chronic Stroke, Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury, and Brain Injury","volume":"44","author":"Hornby","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70305-3","article-title":"Three-dimensional, task-specific robot therapy of the arm after stroke: A multicentre, parallel-group randomised trial","volume":"13","author":"Blanco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0943","article-title":"Electromechanical-assisted gait training after stroke: A systematic review comparing end-effector and exoskeleton devices","volume":"44","author":"Mehrholz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-023-01161-4","article-title":"Satisfaction analysis of overground gait exoskeletons in people with neurological pathology: A systematic review","volume":"20","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2022.3169235","article-title":"Design of a Modular Exoskeleton Based on Distributed Central Pattern Generators","volume":"17","author":"Plaza","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Syst. J."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1109\/RBME.2021.3078001","article-title":"Lower-Limb Medical and Rehabilitation Exoskeletons: A Review of the Current Designs","volume":"16","author":"Plaza","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-021-00815-5","article-title":"Systematic review on wearable lower-limb exoskeletons for gait training in neuromuscular impairments","volume":"18","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2021.3049960","article-title":"Symbitron Exoskeleton: Design, Control, and Evaluation of a Modular Exoskeleton for Incomplete and Complete Spinal Cord Injured Individuals","volume":"29","author":"Meijneke","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Earthy, J., Jones, B.S., and Bevan, N. (2012). Usablity in Government Systems User Experience Design for Citizens and Public Servants, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00583","article-title":"SPIRIT 2013 statement: Defining standard protocol items for clinical trials","volume":"158","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects","volume":"310","author":"Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/64.1.35","article-title":"Clinical gait assessment in the neurologically impaired. Reliability and meaningfulness","volume":"64","author":"Holden","year":"1984","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206","article-title":"Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity","volume":"67","author":"Bohannon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2014.2324036","article-title":"An adjustable compliant joint for lower-limb exoskeletons","volume":"20","author":"Cestari","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE\/ASME Trans. Mechatron."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cumplido-Trasmonte, C., Barqu\u00edn-Santos, E., Garc\u00e9s-Castellote, E., Gor-Garc\u00eda-Fogeda, M.D., Plaza-Flores, A., Hern\u00e1ndez-Melero, M., Guti\u00e9rrez-Ayala, A., Cano-de-la-Cuerda, R., L\u00f3pez-Mor\u00f3n, A.L., and Garc\u00eda-Armada, E. (2023). Safety and Usability of the MAK exoskeleton in patients with stroke. Physiother. Res. Int.","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.2038"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-020-00690-6","article-title":"A new lower limb portable exoskeleton for gait assistance in neurological patients: A proof of concept study","volume":"17","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)90884-8","article-title":"Measurement of Pain","volume":"304","author":"Huskisson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1815","article-title":"Psychophysical scaling with applications in physical work and the perception of exertion","volume":"16","author":"Borg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Scand J. Work Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52418","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3175304","article-title":"Precision Clinical Medicine through Machine Learning: Using High and Low Quantile Ranges of Vital Signs for Risk Stratification of ICU Patients","volume":"10","author":"Alghatani","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"USA (2023, June 04). Guidance for Industry and Investigators Safety Reporting Requirements for INDs and BA\/BE Studies, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/files\/drugs\/published\/Safety-Reporting-Requirements-for-INDs-%28Investigational-New-Drug-Applications%29-and-BA-BE-%28Bioavailability-Bioequivalence%29-Studies.pdf."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20120492","article-title":"Outcome measures for individuals with stroke: Process and recommendations from the American Physical Therapy Association neurology section task force","volume":"93","author":"Sullivan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johansen, K.L., Stistrup, R.D., Schj\u00f8tt, C.S., Madsen, J., and Vinther, A. (2016). Absolute and Relative Reliability of the Timed \u2018Up & Go\u2019 Test and \u201830second Chair-Stand\u2019 Test in Hospitalised Patients with Stroke. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165663"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.2317-0190.v21i4a103870","article-title":"Using the six minute walk test to evaluate walking capacity in patients with stroke","volume":"21","author":"Daniel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Fisi\u00e1trica"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/17483107.2019.1668975","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Italian version of Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology 2.0 (QUEST-IT 2.0) with users of mobility assistive device","volume":"16","author":"Colucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil. Assist. Technol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sale, P., Russo, E.F., Russo, M., Masiero, S., Piccione, F., Calabr\u00f2, R.S., and Filoni, S. (2016). Effects on mobility training and de-adaptations in subjects with Spinal Cord Injury due to a Wearable Robot: A preliminary report. BMC Neurol., 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0536-0"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.6.1213","article-title":"Replicability of SF-36 summary scores by the SF-12 in stroke patients","volume":"30","author":"Pickard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-V\u00e1zquez, D., Cano-De-la-cuerda, R., Gor-Garc\u00eda-fogeda, M.D., and Molina-Rueda, F. (2021). Wearable Robotic Gait Training in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis: A Satisfaction Study. Sensors, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/s21144940"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (2023, June 04). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Available online: https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/books\/mono\/10.4324\/9780203771587\/statistical-power-analysis-behavioral-sciences-jacob-cohen."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Field, A. (2023, June 04). Discoversing Statistics using SPSS. Available online: https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/262584404."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"200","article-title":"Better ways to improve standards in brain-behavior correlation analysis","volume":"6","author":"Rees","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000321","article-title":"Framework for Assessment of the Usability of Lower-Extremity Robotic Exoskeletal Orthoses","volume":"94","author":"Bryce","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1310\/sci17-00014","article-title":"Initial outcomes from a multicenter study utilizing the indego powered exoskeleton in spinal cord injury","volume":"24","author":"Tefertiller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Top. Spinal Cord Inj. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.05.028","article-title":"Exoskeletons for Personal Use After Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"102","author":"Kandilakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3233\/TAD-200284","article-title":"Over-ground robotic lower limb exoskeleton in neurological gait rehabilitation: User experiences and effects on walking ability","volume":"33","author":"Merilampi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.06.020","article-title":"Effects of Electromechanical Exoskeleton-Assisted Gait Training on Walking Ability of Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"100","author":"Nam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-020-00702-5","article-title":"The ReWalk ReStore\u2122 soft robotic exosuit: A multi-site clinical trial of the safety, reliability, and feasibility of exosuit-augmented post-stroke gait rehabilitation","volume":"17","author":"Awad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gomez-Vargas, D., Ballen-Moreno, F., Barria, P., Aguilar, R., Azor\u00edn, J.M., Munera, M., and Cifuentes, C.A. (2021). The Actuation System of the Ankle Exoskeleton T-FLEX: First Use Experimental Validation in People with Stroke. Brain Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11040412"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01887-0_38","article-title":"Stance control with the active knee orthosis ALLOR for post-stroke patients during walking","volume":"22","author":"Lima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosyst. Biorobotics"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15600","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72397-6","article-title":"Exoskeleton home and community use in people with complete spinal cord injury","volume":"10","author":"Geurts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Platz, T., Gillner, A., Borgwaldt, N., Kroll, S., and Roschka, S. (2016). Device-Training for Individuals with Thoracic and Lumbar Spinal Cord Injury Using a Powered Exoskeleton for Technically Assisted Mobility: Achievements and User Satisfaction. Biomed. Res. Int., 2016.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8459018"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2020.44.2.131","article-title":"Energy Efficiency and Patient Satisfaction of Gait with Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis and Robot (ReWalk)-Assisted Gait in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"44","author":"Kwon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Rehabil. Med.-Arm."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-023-01165-0","article-title":"Multicentric investigation on the safety, feasibility and usability of the ABLE lower-limb robotic exoskeleton for individuals with spinal cord injury: A framework towards the standardisation of clinical evaluations","volume":"20","author":"Wright","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2014.10.014","article-title":"Hybrid therapy of walking with Kinesis overground robot for persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: A feasibility study","volume":"73","author":"Pons","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rob. Auton. Syst."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"359","article-title":"Control of an Ambulatory Exoskeleton with a Brain-Machine Interface for Spinal Cord Injury Gait Rehabilitation","volume":"10","author":"Rajasekaran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/17483107.2019.1587014","article-title":"Feasibility of integrating robotic exoskeleton gait training in inpatient rehabilitation","volume":"15","author":"Swank","year":"2020","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil. Assist. Technol."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"422","article-title":"Acute Effects of Exercise on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analytic Investigation","volume":"106","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/24\/1\/198\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:43:50Z","timestamp":1760132630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/24\/1\/198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["s24010198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s24010198","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]}}}