{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T06:17:47Z","timestamp":1768976267389,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"Polish National Centre for Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PerMed\/II\/34\/PerHeart\/2022\/"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PerMed\/II\/34\/PerHeart\/2022\/"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most of the established gait evaluation methods use inertial sensors mounted in the lower limb area (tibias, ankles, shoes). Such sensor placement gives good results in laboratory conditions but is hard to apply in everyday scenarios due to the sensors\u2019 fragility and the user\u2019s comfort. The paper presents an algorithm that enables translation of the inertial signal measurements (acceleration and angular velocity) registered with a wrist-worn sensor to signals, which would be obtained if the sensor was worn on a tibia or a shoe. Four different neural network architectures are considered for that purpose: Dense and CNN autoencoders, a CNN-LSTM hybrid, and a U-Net-based model. The performed experiments have shown that the CNN autoencoder and U-Net can be successfully applied for inertial signal translation purposes. Estimating gait parameters based on the translated signals yielded similar results to those obtained based on shoe-sensor signals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24010293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T11:31:50Z","timestamp":1704281510000},"page":"293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Wrist-to-Tibia\/Shoe Inertial Measurement Results Translation Using Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0068-8784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Kolakowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2089-4641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitomir","family":"Djaja-Josko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5045-6167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy","family":"Kolakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Cichocki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000354211","article-title":"Frailty and Technology: A Systematic Review of Gait Analysis in Those with Frailty","volume":"60","author":"Schwenk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Chang, H., Leng, M., and Wang, Z. 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