{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T03:48:09Z","timestamp":1772164089116,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union, NextGenerationEU, under the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) National Innovation Ecosystem","award":["ECS00000041-VITALITY-CUP J97G22000170005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECS00000041-VITALITY-CUP J97G22000170005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the ever-evolving landscape of modern agriculture, the integration of advanced technologies has become indispensable for optimizing crop management and ensuring sustainable food production. This paper presents the development and implementation of a real-time AI-assisted push-broom hyperspectral system for plant identification. The push-broom hyperspectral technique, coupled with artificial intelligence, offers unprecedented detail and accuracy in crop monitoring. This paper details the design and construction of the spectrometer, including optical assembly and system integration. The real-time acquisition and classification system, utilizing an embedded computing solution, is also described. The calibration and resolution analysis demonstrates the accuracy of the system in capturing spectral data. As a test, the system was applied to the classification of plant leaves. The AI algorithm based on neural networks allows for the continuous analysis of hyperspectral data relative up to 720 ground positions at 50 fps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24020344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T05:21:38Z","timestamp":1704691298000},"page":"344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Real-Time AI-Assisted Push-Broom Hyperspectral System for Precision Agriculture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9047-9822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Neri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. 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Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4920-5907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Cottone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4972-7062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Gammaitoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4035-4199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Figorilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l\u2019Analisi Dell\u2019Economia Agraria (CREA)\u2014Centro di Ricerca Ingegneria e Trasformazioni Agroalimentari, Via della Pascolare 16, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1245-8882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciano","family":"Ortenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l\u2019Analisi Dell\u2019Economia Agraria (CREA)\u2014Centro di Ricerca Ingegneria e Trasformazioni Agroalimentari, Via della Pascolare 16, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), Tuscia University, Via S. Camillo De Lellis, Via Angelo Maria Ricci, 35a-02100 Rieti, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Aisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Foundry (IOM-CNR), National Research Council, c\/o Department of Physics and Geology, Via A. 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