{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T02:57:54Z","timestamp":1783133874736,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,7]],"date-time":"2024-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Manual therapy (MT) is commonly used in rehabilitation to deal with motor impairments in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). However, is MT an efficient method to improve gait in PD? To answer the question, a systematic review of clinical controlled trials was conducted. Estimates of effect sizes (reported as standard mean difference (SMD)) with their respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were reported for each outcome when sufficient data were available. If data were lacking, p values were reported. The PEDro scale was used for the quality assessment. Three studies were included in the review. MT improved Dynamic Gait Index (SMD = 1.47; 95% CI: 0.62, 2.32; PEDro score: 5\/10, moderate level of evidence). MT also improved gait performances in terms of stride length, velocity of arm movements, linear velocities of the shoulder and the hip (p &lt; 0.05; PEDro score: 2\/10, limited level of evidence). There was no significant difference between groups after MT for any joint\u2019s range of motion during gait (p &gt; 0.05; PEDro score: 6\/10, moderate level of evidence). There is no strong level of evidence supporting the beneficial effect of MT to improve gait in PD. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to understand the impact of MT on gait in PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24020354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T06:12:58Z","timestamp":1704694378000},"page":"354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of Manual Therapy on Parkinson\u2019s Gait: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3093-0183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnaud","family":"Delafontaine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Sciences of Physical Activity, Universit\u00e9 Qu\u00e9bec Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC G9A 5H7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Vialleron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire en Neurosciences, Physiologie et Psychologie: Activit\u00e9 Physique, Sant\u00e9 et Apprentissages (LINP2), UFR STAPS, Universit\u00e9 Paris Nanterre, 92000 Nanterre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8613-7777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebtan","family":"Barbier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Franco-Europ\u00e9en de Chiropraxie, 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France"},{"name":"Complexit\u00e9, Innovation, Activit\u00e9s Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS) Laboratory, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CEDEX 91405 Orsay, France"},{"name":"Complexit\u00e9, Innovation, Activit\u00e9s Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS) Laboratory, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, 45067 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Lardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Franco-Europ\u00e9en de Chiropraxie, 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lodie","family":"Barri\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences of Physical Activity, Universit\u00e9 Qu\u00e9bec Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC G9A 5H7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5522-056X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Garc\u00eda-Escudero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine et des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Valence, San Vicente Martir, 46900 Valence, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Fabeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Descarreaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences of Physical Activity, Universit\u00e9 Qu\u00e9bec Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC G9A 5H7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00353","article-title":"Guidelines for Assessment of Gait and Reference Values for Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Older Adults: The Biomathics and Canadian Gait Consortiums Initiative","volume":"11","author":"Beauchet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. 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