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In this study, a simple two-step hydrothermal method was employed to prepare TiO2 films with homojunctions of rutile and anatase phases (denoted as TiO2-R\/A). Then, the microstructure of anatase-phase TiO2 was altered by controlling the amount of hydrochloric acid to realize a more favorable porous structure for charge transport and a larger surface area for contact with H2. The sensor used a Pt interdigital electrode. At an optimal HCl dosage (25 mL), anatase-phase TiO2 uniformly covered rutile-phase TiO2 nanorods, resulting in a greater response to H2 at 2500 ppm compared with that of a rutile TiO2 nanorod sensor by a factor of 1153. The response time was 21 s, mainly because the homojunction formed by the TiO2 rutile and anatase phases increased the synergistic effect of the charge transfer and potential barrier between the two phases, resulting in the formation of more superoxide (O2\u2212) free radicals on the surface. Furthermore, the porous structure increased the surface area for H2 adsorption. The TiO2-R\/A-based sensor exhibited high selectivity, long-term stability, and a fast response. This study provides new insights into the design of commercially competitive hydrogen sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24030978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T09:42:32Z","timestamp":1706866952000},"page":"978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["An Ultrasensitive Room-Temperature H2 Sensor Based on a TiO2 Rutile\u2013Anatase Homojunction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menghan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwen","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Homewood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manon","family":"Lourenco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9898-5690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132280","article-title":"Design of ultrasensitive gas sensor based on self-assembled Pd-SnO2\/rGO porous ternary nanocomposites for ppb-level hydrogen","volume":"369","author":"Duan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sens. 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