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This review paper presents the roles of wearable technologies in sport and fitness in monitoring movement and biosignals used to assess performance, reduce injury risk, and motivate training\/exercise. The drivers of research in e-textiles are discussed after reviewing existing non-textile and textile-based commercial wearable products. Different sensing components\/materials (e.g., inertial measurement units, electrodes for biosignals, piezoresistive sensors), manufacturing processes, and their applications in sports and fitness published in the literature were reviewed and discussed. Finally, the paper presents the current challenges of e-textiles to achieve practical applications at scale and future perspectives in e-textiles research and development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24041058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T07:50:12Z","timestamp":1707205812000},"page":"1058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["E-Textiles for Sports and Fitness Sensing: Current State, Challenges, and Future Opportunities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7497-3911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Winchester School of Art, University of Southampton, Southampton SO23 8DL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9745-138X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart A.","family":"McErlain-Naylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beckie","family":"Isaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Flexible Electronics and E-Textiles (C-FLEET), School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0987-9608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Callaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0800-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve","family":"Beeby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Flexible Electronics and E-Textiles (C-FLEET), School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rum, L., Sten, O., Vendrame, E., Belluscio, V., Camomilla, V., Vannozzi, G., Truppa, L., Notarantonio, M., Sciarra, T., and Lazich, A. 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