{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:50:06Z","timestamp":1770339006310,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Machine learning (ML) algorithms are crucial within the realm of healthcare applications. However, a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of regression algorithms in predicting alterations in lifting movement patterns has not been conducted. This research represents a pilot investigation using regression-based machine learning techniques to forecast alterations in trunk, hip, and knee movements subsequent to a 12-week strength training for people who have low back pain (LBP). The system uses a feature extraction algorithm to calculate the range of motion in the sagittal plane for the knee, trunk, and hip and 12 different regression machine learning algorithms. The results show that Ensemble Tree with LSBoost demonstrated the utmost accuracy in prognosticating trunk movement. Meanwhile, the Ensemble Tree approach, specifically LSBoost, exhibited the highest predictive precision for hip movement. The Gaussian regression with the kernel chosen as exponential returned the highest prediction accuracy for knee movement. These regression models hold the potential to significantly enhance the precision of visualisation of the treatment output for individuals afflicted with LBP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24041337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T05:39:56Z","timestamp":1708321196000},"page":"1337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Regression-Based Machine Learning for Predicting Lifting Movement Pattern Change in People with Low Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4226-0743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trung C.","family":"Phan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7877-1679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Pranata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia"},{"name":"College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China"},{"name":"School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3282-1834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Farragher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China"},{"name":"School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-8178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1922-7024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rifai","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.03.033","article-title":"Causal assessment of occupational lifting and low back pain: Results of a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Wai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia, N., Zhang, M., Zhang, H., Ling, R., Liu, Y., Li, G., Yin, Y., Shao, H., Zhang, H., and Qiu, B. 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