{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:50:23Z","timestamp":1760143823011,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Science and Technology Program from State Grid Corporation of China","award":["5700-202255213A-1-1-ZN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5700-202255213A-1-1-ZN"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To ensure stable and normal transformer operation, light gas protection of the transformer Buchholz relay is essential. However, false alarms related to light gas protection are common, and troubleshooting them often requires on-site gas sampling by personnel. During this time, the transformer\u2019s operating state may rapidly deteriorate, posing a safety threat to field staff. To tackle these challenges, this work presents the near-field, thin-sliced transformer monitoring system that uses Electromagnetic Energy Transmission and Wireless Sensing Device (ETWSD). The system leverages external wireless energy input to power gas monitoring sensors. Simultaneously, it employs Near-Field Communication to obtain real-time concentrations of light gases, along with the electrified state and temperature. In field testing conducted on transformer relays\u2019 gas collection chambers, the ETWSD effortlessly monitors parameters within warning ranges, encompassing methane gas concentrations around 1000 ppm, leakage voltage ranging from 0\u2013100 V, and relay working temperatures up to 90 \u00b0C. Additionally, to facilitate real-time diagnosis for electrical workers, we have developed an Android-based APP software that displays current light gas concentrations, leakage voltage collection values, and temperature, while also enabling threshold judgment, alarms, and data storage. The developed ETWSD is expected to aid on-site personnel in promptly and accurately evaluating transformer light gas protection error alarm faults. It provides a method for simultaneous, contactless, and rapid monitoring of multiple indicators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24051606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T03:31:23Z","timestamp":1709263883000},"page":"1606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Transformer Monitoring with Electromagnetic Energy Transmission and Wireless Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Shuxing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3194-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yurui","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Storage and Electrotechnics Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China"}]},{"given":"Yongling","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China"}]},{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Storage and Electrotechnics Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Storage and Electrotechnics Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nebey, A.H. 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