{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T06:52:55Z","timestamp":1763621575052,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Education of the regional government, the Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n","award":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020-Research and Innovation Framework Program","award":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (Government of Spain)","award":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation (Government of Spain)","award":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"]}]},{"name":"NextGEN EU-Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n","award":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SA089P20","101036926","FPU19\/06034","PID2021-127089OB-I00","EIS2021-04 (IUSIANI-ODS)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The result of the multidisciplinary collaboration of researchers from different areas of knowledge to validate a solar radiation model is presented. The MAPsol is a 3D local-scale adaptive solar radiation model that allows us to estimate direct, diffuse, and reflected irradiance for clear sky conditions. The model includes the adaptation of the mesh to complex orography and albedo, and considers the shadows cast by the terrain and buildings. The surface mesh generation is based on surface refinement, smoothing and parameterization techniques and allows the generation of high-quality adapted meshes with a reasonable number of elements. Another key aspect of the paper is the generation of a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). This high-resolution DEM is constructed from LiDAR data, and its resolution is two times more accurate than the publicly available DEMs. The validation process uses direct and global solar irradiance data obtained from pyranometers at the University of Salamanca located in an urban area affected by systematic shading from nearby buildings. This work provides an efficient protocol for studying solar resources, with particular emphasis on areas of complex orography and dense buildings where shadows can potentially make solar energy production facilities less efficient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24061823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T12:14:40Z","timestamp":1710245680000},"page":"1823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Validation of a 3D Local-Scale Adaptive Solar Radiation Model by Using Pyranometer Measurements and a High-Resolution Digital Elevation Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2701-2971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Sistemas Inteligentes y Aplicaciones Num\u00e9ricas en Ingenier\u00eda (SIANI), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7154-5778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judit","family":"Garc\u00eda-Ferrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Universitario de F\u00edsica Fundamental y Matematicas (IUFFyM), Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7931-9561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Aparicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Cartogr\u00e1fica y del Terreno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0834-1435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Matem\u00e1tica Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3783-8670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Oliver-Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Sistemas Inteligentes y Aplicaciones Num\u00e9ricas en Ingenier\u00eda (SIANI), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2412-9215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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