{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:46:27Z","timestamp":1777596387346,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Centre of Excellence in Research (NCER) and the Programme for Advanced Research in Luxembourg (PEARL) programme","award":["FNR\/P13\/6682797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FNR\/P13\/6682797"]}]},{"name":"National Centre of Excellence in Research (NCER) and the Programme for Advanced Research in Luxembourg (PEARL) programme","award":["692320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["692320"]}]},{"name":"National Centre of Excellence in Research (NCER) and the Programme for Advanced Research in Luxembourg (PEARL) programme","award":["FNR\/10086156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FNR\/10086156"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["FNR\/P13\/6682797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FNR\/P13\/6682797"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["692320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["692320"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["FNR\/10086156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FNR\/10086156"]}]},{"name":"Luxembourg National Research Fund","award":["FNR\/P13\/6682797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FNR\/P13\/6682797"]}]},{"name":"Luxembourg National Research Fund","award":["692320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["692320"]}]},{"name":"Luxembourg National Research Fund","award":["FNR\/10086156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FNR\/10086156"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wearable sensors could be beneficial for the continuous quantification of upper limb motor symptoms in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). This work evaluates the use of two inertial measurement units combined with supervised machine learning models to classify and predict a subset of MDS-UPDRS III subitems in PD. We attached the two compact wearable sensors on the dorsal part of each hand of 33 people with PD and 12 controls. Each participant performed six clinical movement tasks in parallel with an assessment of the MDS-UPDRS III. Random forest (RF) models were trained on the sensor data and motor scores. An overall accuracy of 94% was achieved in classifying the movement tasks. When employed for classifying the motor scores, the averaged area under the receiver operating characteristic values ranged from 68% to 92%. Motor scores were additionally predicted using an RF regression model. In a comparative analysis, trained support vector machine models outperformed the RF models for specific tasks. Furthermore, our results surpass the literature in certain cases. The methods developed in this work serve as a base for future studies, where home-based assessments of pharmacological effects on motor function could complement regular clinical assessments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24072195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T06:33:16Z","timestamp":1711693996000},"page":"2195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sensor-Based Quantification of MDS-UPDRS III Subitems in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Using Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6782-4026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rene Peter","family":"Bremm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Pavelka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson\u2019s Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg"},{"name":"Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"},{"name":"Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Moscardo","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Control, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Mombaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rejko","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson\u2019s Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg"},{"name":"Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"},{"name":"Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hertel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3299","article-title":"The Parkinson pandemic\u2014A call to action","volume":"75","author":"Dorsey","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Parkinson\u2019s Foundation (2024, February 22). 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