{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T18:41:02Z","timestamp":1785955262317,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The growth in linked and autonomous vehicles has led to the emergence of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) as a means to enhance road safety, traffic efficiency, and passenger comfort. However, VANETs face challenges in facilitating trustworthiness and high-quality services due to communication delays caused by traffic, dynamic topology changes, variable speeds, and other influencing factors. Hence, there is a need for a reliable data dissemination scheme capable of reducing communication delays among hops by identifying effective forwarder nodes. In this paper, we propose a novel, weighted, estimated, spider monkey-based, nature-inspired optimization (w-SMNO) method to generate a set of efficient relays. Additionally, we introduce a dynamic weight assignment and configuration model to enhance system accuracy using a neural network based on backpropagation with gradient descent optimization techniques to minimize errors in the machine learning model. The w-SMNO also incorporates a distinct algorithm for effective relay selection among multiple monkey spider groups. The simulation results demonstrate substantial improvements in w-SMNO, with a 35.7% increase in coverage, a 41.2% reduction in the end-to-end delay, a 36.4% improvement in the message delivery rate, and a 38.4% decrease in the collision rate compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24072334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T06:04:58Z","timestamp":1712556298000},"page":"2334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Novel Spider Monkey Optimization for Reliable Data Dissemination in VANETs Based on Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4091-2552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Government Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer 305001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Rathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Government Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer 305001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mishra, R., Singh, A., and Kumar, R. 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