{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T09:29:41Z","timestamp":1781170181966,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union","award":["IR0000013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IR0000013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper describes a novel architecture that aims to create a template for the implementation of an IT platform, supporting the deployment and integration of the different digital twin subsystems that compose a complex urban intelligence system. In more detail, the proposed Smart City IT architecture has the following main purposes: (i) facilitating the deployment of the subsystems in a cloud environment; (ii) effectively storing, integrating, managing, and sharing the huge amount of heterogeneous data acquired and produced by each subsystem, using a data lake; (iii) supporting data exchange and sharing; (iv) managing and executing workflows, to automatically coordinate and run processes; and (v) to provide and visualize the required information. A prototype of the proposed IT solution was implemented leveraging open-source frameworks and technologies, to test its functionalities and performance. The results of the tests performed in real-world settings confirmed that the proposed architecture could efficiently and easily support the deployment and integration of heterogeneous subsystems, allowing them to share and integrate their data and to select, extract, and visualize the information required by a user, as well as promoting the integration with other external systems, and defining and executing workflows to orchestrate the various subsystems involved in complex analyses and processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24072376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T10:11:55Z","timestamp":1712571115000},"page":"2376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["An Urban Intelligence Architecture for Heterogeneous Data and Application Integration, Deployment and Orchestration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9890-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Silvestri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3837-8730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Tricomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Engineering, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Messina, Contrada di Dio 1, 98166 Messina, Italy"},{"name":"CINI\u2014Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per l\u2019Informatica, Via Ariosto 25, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0411-3729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore Rosario","family":"Bassolillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2344-4088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"De Benedictis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy (ISTC-CNR), via Giandomenico Romagnosi 18\/A, 00196 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7286-6212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Ciampi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ford, D.N., and Wolf, C.M. 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