{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T05:52:21Z","timestamp":1777960341723,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","award":["GRK2495\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRK2495\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Shoe-based wearable sensor systems are a growing research area in health monitoring, disease diagnosis, rehabilitation, and sports training. These systems\u2014equipped with one or more sensors, either of the same or different types\u2014capture information related to foot movement or pressure maps beneath the foot. This captured information offers an overview of the subject\u2019s overall movement, known as the human gait. Beyond sensing, these systems also provide a platform for hosting ambient energy harvesters. They hold the potential to harvest energy from foot movements and operate related low-power devices sustainably. This article proposes two types of strategies (Strategy 1 and Strategy 2) for an energy-autonomous shoe-based system. Strategy 1 uses an accelerometer as a sensor for gait acquisition, which reflects the classical choice. Strategy 2 uses a piezoelectric element for the same, which opens up a new perspective in its implementation. In both strategies, the piezoelectric elements are used to harvest energy from foot activities and operate the system. The article presents a fair comparison between both strategies in terms of power consumption, accuracy, and the extent to which piezoelectric energy harvesters can contribute to overall power management. Moreover, Strategy 2, which uses piezoelectric elements for simultaneous sensing and energy harvesting, is a power-optimized method for an energy-autonomous shoe system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24082549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T08:41:06Z","timestamp":1713256866000},"page":"2549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Choice of Piezoelectric Element over Accelerometer for an Energy-Autonomous Shoe-Based System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6589-0820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niharika","family":"Gogoi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Durham University, Upper Mountjoy Campus, Stockton Road, Durham DH13LE, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Technical Electronics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Yuanjia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technical Electronics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8623-9551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Kirchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technical Electronics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Information Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 44227 Dortmund, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4033-2005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technical Electronics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Brophy, K., Davies, S., Olenik, S., \u00c7otur, Y., Ming, D., Van Zalk, N., O\u2019Hare, D., Guder, F., and Yetisen, A.K. 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