{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:25:27Z","timestamp":1778153127037,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]],"date-time":"2024-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Caroline Durand Foundation Chair in Acute Traumatology at the University of Montreal"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to use a data-driven approach to identify individualized speed thresholds to characterize running demands and athlete workload during games and practices in skill and linemen football players. Data were recorded from wearable sensors over 28 sessions from 30 male Canadian varsity football athletes, resulting in a total of 287 performances analyzed, including 137 games and 150 practices, using a global positioning system. Speed zones were identified for each performance by fitting a 5-dimensional Gaussian mixture model (GMM) corresponding to 5 running intensity zones from minimal (zone 1) to maximal (zone 5). Skill players had significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001) speed thresholds, percentage of time spent, and distance covered in maximal intensity zones compared to linemen. The distance covered in game settings was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001) compared to practices. This study highlighted the use of individualized speed thresholds to determine running intensity and athlete workloads for American and Canadian football athletes, as well as compare running performances between practice and game scenarios. This approach can be used to monitor physical workload in athletes with respect to their tactical positions during practices and games, and to ensure that athletes are adequately trained to meet in-game physical demands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24082644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T06:10:18Z","timestamp":1713766218000},"page":"2644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characterization of Running Intensity in Canadian Football Based on Tactical Position"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7872-7715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Zafar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Guay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada"}]},{"given":"Sophie-Andr\u00e9e","family":"Vinet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Apinis-Deshaies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00eblle","family":"Creniault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7038-7165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e9raldine","family":"Martens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1650-7346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"},{"name":"Institut National du Sport du Qu\u00e9bec, Montreal, QC H1V 3N7, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4753-3499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis","family":"De Beaumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.3.3.387","article-title":"The applied physiology of American football","volume":"3","author":"Hoffman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. 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