{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T03:51:11Z","timestamp":1778903471410,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean Government","award":["2021R1A2C1004329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A2C1004329"]}]},{"name":"Korean Government","award":["RS-2022-00141273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-00141273"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In general, it is difficult to visualize internal ocular structure and detect a lesion such as a cataract or glaucoma using the current ultrasound brightness-mode (B-mode) imaging. This is because the internal structure of the eye is rich in moisture, resulting in a lack of contrast between tissues in the B-mode image, and the penetration depth is low due to the attenuation of the ultrasound wave. In this study, the entire internal ocular structure of a bovine eye was visualized in an ex vivo environment using the compound acoustic radiation force impulse (CARFI) imaging scheme based on the phase-inverted ultrasound transducer (PIUT). In the proposed method, the aperture of the PIUT is divided into four sections, and the PIUT is driven by the out-of-phase input signal capable of generating split-focusing at the same time. Subsequently, the compound imaging technique was employed to increase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and to reduce displacement error. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed technique could provide an acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) image of the bovine eye with a broader depth-of-field (DOF) and about 80% increased SNR compared to the conventional ARFI image obtained using the in-phase input signal. Therefore, the proposed technique can be one of the useful techniques capable of providing the image of the entire ocular structure to diagnose various eye diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24092700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T07:38:51Z","timestamp":1713944331000},"page":"2700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Compound Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging of Bovine Eye by Using Phase-Inverted Ultrasound Transducer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Gil Su","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hak Hyun","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee Su","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Seob","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106104","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5118258","article-title":"Simultaneously imaging and quantifying in vivo mechanical properties of crystalline lens and cornea using optical coherence elastography with acoustic radiation force excitation","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"APL Photonics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2022.3215498","article-title":"Simultaneous assessment of the whole eye biomechanics using ultrasonic elastography","volume":"70","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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