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Existing methods can recognize license plates in simple scenarios, but their performance degrades significantly in complex environments. A novel license plate detection and recognition model YOLOv5-PDLPR is proposed, which employs YOLOv5 target detection algorithm in the license plate detection part and uses the PDLPR algorithm proposed in this paper in the license plate recognition part. The PDLPR algorithm is mainly designed as follows: (1) A Multi-Head Attention mechanism is used to accurately recognize individual characters. (2) A global feature extractor network is designed to improve the completeness of the network for feature extraction. (3) The latest parallel decoder architecture is adopted to improve the inference efficiency. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better accuracy and speed than the comparison algorithms, can achieve real-time recognition, and has high efficiency and robustness in complex scenes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24092791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T08:49:24Z","timestamp":1714380564000},"page":"2791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A Real-Time License Plate Detection and Recognition Model in Unconstrained Scenarios"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Lingbing","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunhe","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"},{"name":"Keyi College, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing 312369, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6818-0437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangbing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6468-2309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhixin","family":"Tie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"},{"name":"Keyi College, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing 312369, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91661","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2994287","article-title":"Research on license plate recognition algorithms based on deep learning in complex environment","volume":"8","author":"Weihong","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11203","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3047929","article-title":"Automated license plate recognition: A survey on methods and techniques","volume":"9","author":"Shashirangana","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2008.10.012","article-title":"An edge-based color-aided method for license plate detection","volume":"27","author":"Abolghasemi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Image Vis. 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