{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:39:08Z","timestamp":1781109548670,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"US National Institutes of Health","award":["K23MH123031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH123031"]}]},{"name":"US National Institutes of Health","award":["2046440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2046440"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"US National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23MH123031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH123031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"US National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2046440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2046440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In response to a burgeoning pediatric mental health epidemic, recent guidelines have instructed pediatricians to regularly screen their patients for mental health disorders with consistency and standardization. Yet, gold-standard screening surveys to evaluate mental health problems in children typically rely solely on reports given by caregivers, who tend to unintentionally under-report, and in some cases over-report, child symptomology. Digital phenotype screening tools (DPSTs), currently being developed in research settings, may help overcome reporting bias by providing objective measures of physiology and behavior to supplement child mental health screening. Prior to their implementation in pediatric practice, however, the ethical dimensions of DPSTs should be explored. Herein, we consider some promises and challenges of DPSTs under three broad categories: accuracy and bias, privacy, and accessibility and implementation. We find that DPSTs have demonstrated accuracy, may eliminate concerns regarding under- and over-reporting, and may be more accessible than gold-standard surveys. However, we also find that if DPSTs are not responsibly developed and deployed, they may be biased, raise privacy concerns, and be cost-prohibitive. To counteract these potential shortcomings, we identify ways to support the responsible and ethical development of DPSTs for clinical practice to improve mental health screening in children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24103214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T06:31:58Z","timestamp":1716186718000},"page":"3214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Using Wearable Digital Devices to Screen Children for Mental Health Conditions: Ethical Promises and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8441-5921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aisling","family":"O\u2019Leary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Lahey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT 05401, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1619-7552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juniper","family":"Lovato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4597-0783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryn","family":"Loftness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4155-3613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antranig","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT 05401, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Skelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27101, NC, USA"},{"name":"Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27101, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna G.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William E.","family":"Copeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8396-6967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan S.","family":"McGinnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27101, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen W.","family":"McGinnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27101, NC, USA"},{"name":"Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27101, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.5399","article-title":"US National and State-Level Prevalence of Mental Health Disorders and Disparities of Mental Health Care Use in Children","volume":"173","author":"Whitney","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.2482","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Children and Adolescents During COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"175","author":"Racine","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glynn, L.M., Davis, E.P., Luby, J.L., Baram, T.Z., and Sandman, C.A. 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