{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T15:26:20Z","timestamp":1777735580564,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62127813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62127813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61890960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61890960"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20210203181SF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210203181SF"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program","award":["62127813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62127813"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program","award":["61890960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61890960"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program","award":["20210203181SF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210203181SF"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polarization imaging has achieved a wide range of applications in military and civilian fields such as camouflage detection and autonomous driving. However, when the imaging environment involves a low-light condition, the number of photons is low and the photon transmittance of the conventional Division-of-Focal-Plane (DoFP) structure is small. Therefore, the traditional demosaicing methods are often used to deal with the serious noise and distortion generated by polarization demosaicing in low-light environment. Based on the aforementioned issues, this paper proposes a model called Low-Light Sparse Polarization Demosaicing Network (LLSPD-Net) for simulating a sparse polarization sensor acquisition of polarization images in low-light environments. The model consists of two parts: an intensity image enhancement network and a Stokes vector complementation network. In this work, the intensity image enhancement network is used to enhance low-light images and obtain high-quality RGB images, while the Stokes vector is used to complement the network. We discard the traditional idea of polarization intensity image interpolation and instead design a polarization demosaicing method with Stokes vector complementation. By using the enhanced intensity image as a guide, the completion of the Stokes vector is achieved. In addition, to train our network, we collected a dataset of paired color polarization images that includes both low-light and regular-light conditions. A comparison with state-of-the-art methods on both self-constructed and publicly available datasets reveals that our model outperforms traditional low-light image enhancement demosaicing methods in both qualitative and quantitative experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24113299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T07:56:11Z","timestamp":1716364571000},"page":"3299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Low-Light Sparse Polarization Demosaicing Network (LLSPD-Net): Polarization Image Demosaicing Based on Stokes Vector Completion in Low-Light Environment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Guangqiu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Information Engineering Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youfei","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Information Engineering Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Information Engineering Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"},{"name":"Space Opto-Electronics Technology Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5422-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Information Engineering Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linfeng","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Information Engineering Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Information Engineering Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, D., Li, Y., Ruhkamp, P., Skobleva, I., Wysocki, M., Jung, H., Wang, P., Guridi, A., and Busam, B. 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