{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T22:41:46Z","timestamp":1775947306287,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MESRI doctoral position"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper describes the design, fabrication, integration, characterization, and demonstration of a novel flexible double-sided curvature sensor array for use in soft robotics. The paper explores the performance and potential applications of a piezoresistive sensor array consisting of four gold strain gauges on a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate arranged in a Wheatstone bridge configuration. Multiple sensor strips were arranged like the fingers of a hand. Integrating Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) foils alongside the fingers was explored to mimic a human hand-gripping motion controlled with temperature, while curvature sensor array strips measure the resulting finger shapes. Moreover, object sensing in a flexible granular material gripper was demonstrated. The sensors were embedded within Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to enhance their tactile feel and adhesive properties. The findings of this study are promising for future applications, particularly in robotics and prosthetics, as the ability to accurately mimic human hand movements and reconstruct sensor surfaces paves the way for robotic hand functionality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24113475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T07:38:39Z","timestamp":1716881919000},"page":"3475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Flexible Double-Sided Curvature Sensor Array for Use in Soft Robotics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7335-6134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Racha","family":"Benarrait","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Technologie de Compi\u00e8gne, CNRS FRE 2012, Roberval (Mechanics Energy and Electricity), Centre de Recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203 Compi\u00e8gne Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0420-9285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muneeb","family":"Ullah-Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Technologie de Compi\u00e8gne, CNRS FRE 2012, Roberval (Mechanics Energy and Electricity), Centre de Recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203 Compi\u00e8gne Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my","family":"Terrien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Technologie de Compi\u00e8gne, CNRS FRE 2012, Roberval (Mechanics Energy and Electricity), Centre de Recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203 Compi\u00e8gne Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hani","family":"Al Hajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Technologie de Compi\u00e8gne, CNRS FRE 2012, Roberval (Mechanics Energy and Electricity), Centre de Recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203 Compi\u00e8gne Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Lamarque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Technologie de Compi\u00e8gne, CNRS FRE 2012, Roberval (Mechanics Energy and Electricity), Centre de Recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203 Compi\u00e8gne Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2090-6259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Dietzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-022-00186-4","article-title":"Piezoelectric strain sensor with high sensitivity and high stretchability based on kirigami design cutting","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Flex. 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