{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:51:00Z","timestamp":1779202260572,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62101592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101592"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62201614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62201614"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023AFB452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AFB452"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003819","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62101592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101592"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003819","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62201614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62201614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003819","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023AFB452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AFB452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a patch array antenna with wideband circular polarization and high gain is proposed by utilizing a hybrid metasurface (MS). A corner-cut slotted patch antenna was chosen as the source due to the possible generation of CP mode. The hybrid MS (HMS), consisting of a receiver MS (RMS) arranged in a 2 \u00d7 2 array of squared patches and a linear-to-circular polarization conversion (LCPC) MS surrounding it was then utilized as the superstrate driven by the source. The LCPC MS cell is a squared-corner-cut patch with a 45\u00b0 oblique slot etched, which has the capability for wideband LCPC. The LCPC unit cell possesses wideband PC capabilities, as demonstrated by the surface current analysis and S-parameter simulations conducted using a Floquet\u2013port setup. The LP EM wave radiated by the source antenna was initially received by the RMS, then converted to a CP wave as it passed through the LCPC MS, and ultimately propagated into space. To further enhance the LCPC properties, an improved HMS (IHMS) was then proposed with four cells cut at the corners, based on the original HMS design. To verify this design, both CMA and E-field were utilized to analyze the three MSs, indicating that the IHMS possessed a wideband LCPC capability compared to the other two MSs. The proposed antenna was then arranged in a 2 \u00d7 2 array with sequential rotation to further enhance its properties. As demonstrated by the measurements, the array antenna achieved an S11 bandwidth of 60.5%, a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 2.85 GHz, and a peak gain of 15.1 dBic, all while maintaining a low profile of only 0.09\u03bb0.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24113510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T06:08:14Z","timestamp":1717049294000},"page":"3510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Wideband Circularly Polarization and High-Gain of a Slot Patch Array Antenna Realized by a Hybrid Metasurface"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Qiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changhui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fangli","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanghua","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4288","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2017.2710231","article-title":"A circularly polarized high gain antenna with low RCS over a wideband using chessboard polarization conversion metasurfaces","volume":"65","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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