{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T08:50:34Z","timestamp":1783068634673,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gent University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are devices that efficiently transform mechanical energy into electrical energy by utilizing the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction. Embroidery triboelectric nanogenerators (ETENGs) offer a distinct prospect to incorporate energy harvesting capabilities into textile-based products. This research work introduces an embroidered triboelectric nanogenerator that is made using polyester and nylon 66 yarn. The ETENG is developed by using different embroidery parameters and its characteristics are obtained using a specialized tapping and friction device. Nine ETENGs were made, each with different stitch lengths and line spacings for the polyester yarn. Friction and tapping tests were performed to assess the electrical outputs, which included measurements of short circuit current, open circuit voltage, and capacitor charging. One sample wearable embroidered energy harvester collected 307.5 \u03bcJ (24.8 V) of energy under a 1.5 Hz sliding motion over 300 s and 72 \u03bcJ (12 V) of energy through human walking over 120 s. Another ETENG sample generated 4.5 \u03bcJ (3 V) into a 1 \u03bcF capacitor using a tapping device with a 2 Hz frequency and a 50 mm separation distance over a duration of 520 s. Measurement of the current was also performed at different pressures to check the effect of pressure and validate the different options of the triboelectric\/electrostatic characterization device. In summary, this research explains the influence of embroidery parameters on the performance of ETENG (Embroidery Triboelectric Nanogenerator) and provides valuable information for energy harvesting applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24123782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T12:11:00Z","timestamp":1718107860000},"page":"3782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Embroidery Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8119-3697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan Riaz","family":"Tahir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Engineering, Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering (MATCH), Ghent University, Technologie park 70A, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8383-8068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benny","family":"Malengier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Engineering, Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering (MATCH), Ghent University, Technologie park 70A, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanaul","family":"Sujan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Engineering, Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering (MATCH), Ghent University, Technologie park 70A, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lieva","family":"Van Langenhove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Engineering, Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering (MATCH), Ghent University, Technologie park 70A, 9052 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2014.11.034","article-title":"Theoretical systems of triboelectric nanogenerators","volume":"14","author":"Niu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800588","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201800588","article-title":"The current development and future outlook of triboelectric nanogenerators: A survey of literature","volume":"4","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. 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