{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:08:49Z","timestamp":1791850129472,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shaanxi S&amp;T Innovation Team","award":["2023-CX-TD-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-CX-TD-03"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi S&amp;T Innovation Team","award":["2021SYS-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021SYS-04"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Deep Space Exploration Intelligent Information Technology","award":["2023-CX-TD-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-CX-TD-03"]}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Deep Space Exploration Intelligent Information Technology","award":["2021SYS-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021SYS-04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Array pattern synthesis with low sidelobe levels is widely used in practice. An effective way to incorporate sensor patterns in the design procedure is to use numerical optimization methods. However, the dimension of the optimization variables is very high for large-scale arrays, leading to high computational complexity. Fortunately, sensor arrays used in practice usually have symmetric structures that can be utilized to accelerate the optimization algorithms. This paper studies a fast pattern synthesis method by using the symmetry of array geometry. In this method, the problem of amplitude weighting is formulated as a second-order cone programming (SOCP) problem, in which the dynamic range of the weighting coefficients can also be taken into account. Then, by utilizing the symmetric property of array geometry, the dimension of the optimization problem as well as the number of constraints can be reduced significantly. As a consequence, the computational efficiency is greatly improved. Numerical experiments show that, for a uniform rectangular array (URA) with 1024 sensors, the computational efficiency is improved by a factor of 158, while for a uniform hexagonal array (UHA) with 1261 sensors, the improvement factor is 284.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24134059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T12:27:33Z","timestamp":1718972853000},"page":"4059","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fast Low-Sidelobe Pattern Synthesis Using the Symmetry of Array Geometry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5796-4754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9164-5247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongxi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leihua Avionics Institute of AVIC, Wuxi 214062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3254-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anxue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Richards, M.A. (2022). 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