{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:57:50Z","timestamp":1773842270194,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62303419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62303419"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ24F030024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ24F030024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ22F030010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22F030010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62303419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62303419"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ24F030024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ24F030024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ22F030010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22F030010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["62303419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62303419"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["LQ24F030024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ24F030024"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["LQ22F030010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22F030010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The thermal properties of bipolar plates, being key elements of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, significantly affect their heat conduction and management. This study employed an innovative approach known as a heat flow loop integral method to experimentally assess the in-plane thermal conductivity of graphite bipolar plates, addressing the constraints of traditional methods that have strict demands for thermal stimulation, boundary or initial conditions, and sample size. This method employs infrared thermal imaging to gather information from the surface temperature field of the sample, which is induced by laser stimulation. An enclosed test loop on the infrared image of the sample\u2019s surface, situated between the heat source and the sample\u2019s boundary, is utilized to calculate the in-plane heat flow density by integrating the temperature at the sampling locations on the loop and the in-plane thermal conductivity can be determined based on Fourier\u2019s law of heat conduction. The numerical simulation analysis of the graphite models and the experimental tests with aluminum have confirmed the precision and practicality of this method. The results of 1060 aluminum and 6061 aluminum samples, each 1 and 2 mm in thickness, show a deviation between the reference and actual measurements of the in-plane thermal conductivity within 4.3% and repeatability within 2.7%. Using the loop integral method, the in-plane thermal conductivities of three graphite bipolar plates with thicknesses of 0.5 mm, 1 mm, and 1.5 mm were tested, resulting in 311.98 W(m\u00b7K)\u22121, 314.41 W(m\u00b7K)\u22121, and 323.48 W(m\u00b7K)\u22121, with repeatabilities of 0.9%, 3.0%, and 2.0%, respectively. A comparison with the reference value from the simulation model for graphite bipolar plates with the same thickness showed a deviation of 4.7%. The test results for three different thicknesses of graphite bipolar plates show a repeatability of 2.6%, indicating the high consistency and reliability of this measurement method. Consequently, as a supplement to existing technology, this method can achieve a rapid and nondestructive measurement of materials such as graphite bipolar plates\u2019 in-plane thermal conductivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24134206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T08:31:36Z","timestamp":1719563496000},"page":"4206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research on In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Detection of Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates Based on Laser Thermography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dexin","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"},{"name":"Hangzhou Youchuan Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yongkang Valid Technology Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4118-1257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianghui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yongkang Valid Technology Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuehuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Yodosmart Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongping","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leipeng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingqiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengshun","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinjian","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2022.231256","article-title":"A review on lifetime prediction of proton exchange membrane fuel cells system","volume":"529","author":"Hua","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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