{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:07:36Z","timestamp":1782954456954,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University North","award":["UNIN-TEH-23-1-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNIN-TEH-23-1-13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The escalating occurrence of landslides has drawn increasing attention from the scientific community, primarily driven by a combination of natural phenomena such as unpredictable seismic events, intensified precipitation, and rapid snowmelt attributable to climate fluctuations, compounded by inadequacies in engineering practices during site selection. Within the scope of this investigation, contemporary geodetic techniques using the GNSS were employed to monitor structural and surface deformations in and around a hospital edifice situated within an ancient fossil landslide region. Additionally, inclinometer measurements facilitated the determination of slip circle parameters. A subsequent analysis integrated these datasets to scrutinize both the hospital structure and its surrounding slopes. In addition to the finite element method, four different limit equilibrium methods (Bishop, GLE\u2013Morgenstern\u2013Price, Spencer, and Janbu) were used in the evaluation of stability. Since the safety number determined in all analyses was &lt;1, it was determined that the slope containing the hospital building was unstable. The movement has occurred again due to the additional load created by the hospital building built on the currently stable slope, the effect of surface and groundwater, and the improperly designed road route. As a result of geodetic monitoring, it was determined that the sliding speed on the surface was in the N-E direction and was approximately 3 cm, and this situation almost coincided with inclinometer measurements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24154995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T09:34:17Z","timestamp":1722591257000},"page":"4995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Monitoring Surface Deformations in a Fossil Landslide Zone and Identifying Potential Failure Mechanisms: A Case Study of G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane State Hospital"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Sel\u00e7uk","family":"Alemdag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geology Engineering, Gumushane University, 29100 Gumushane, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sefa","family":"Yalva\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomatics Engineering, Gumushane University, 29100 Gumushane, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9796-3094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Bjelotomi\u0107 Or\u0161uli\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geomatics, University North, 42000 Varazdin, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osman","family":"Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Gumushane University, 29100 Gumushane, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halil \u0130brahim","family":"Zeybek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Ondokuz May\u0131s University, 55270 Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan Tahsin","family":"Bostanci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomatics Engineering, Gumushane University, 29100 Gumushane, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6435-9790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danko","family":"Markovinovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geomatics, University North, 42000 Varazdin, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s11771-023-5233-8","article-title":"Rockburst prediction model using machine learning based on microseismic parameters of Qinling water conveyance tunnel","volume":"30","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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