{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T08:52:16Z","timestamp":1778921536895,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Research Development Program of Higher Education from the China Association of Higher Education","award":["22DL0403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22DL0403"]}]},{"name":"Science Research Development Program of Higher Education from the China Association of Higher Education","award":["DL20200223004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL20200223004"]}]},{"name":"Research on Key Technologies for Smart Road Safety Emergency Response and Collaborative Management and Control","award":["22DL0403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22DL0403"]}]},{"name":"Research on Key Technologies for Smart Road Safety Emergency Response and Collaborative Management and Control","award":["DL20200223004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL20200223004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rapid urbanization has led to the development of intelligent transport in China. As active safety technology evolves, the integration of autonomous active safety systems is receiving increasing attention to enable the transition from functional to all-weather intelligent driving. In this process of transformation, the goal of automobile development becomes clear: autonomous vehicles. According to the Report on Development Forecast and Strategic Investment Planning Analysis of China\u2019s autonomous vehicle industry, at present, the development scale of China\u2019s intelligent autonomous vehicles has exceeded market expectations. Considering limited research on utilizing autonomous vehicles to meet the needs of urban transportation (transporting passengers), this study investigates how autonomous vehicles affect traffic demand in specific areas, using traffic modeling. It examines how different penetration rates of autonomous vehicles in various scenarios impact the efficiency of road networks with constant traffic demand. In addition, this study also predicts future changes in commuter traffic demand in selected regions using a constructed NL model. The results aim to simulate the delivery of autonomous vehicles to meet the transportation needs of the region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24165110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T11:33:52Z","timestamp":1723030432000},"page":"5110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Investigating the Impacts of Autonomous Vehicles on the Efficiency of Road Network and Traffic Demand: A Case Study of Qingdao, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Chunguang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Don School, International Education College, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Zyryanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Road and Transportation, Don State Technical University, 1 Gagarin sq., Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0387-2580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Topilin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Road and Transportation, Don State Technical University, 1 Gagarin sq., Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3351-4246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia","family":"Feofilova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Road and Transportation, Don State Technical University, 1 Gagarin sq., Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengru","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urban and Data Science, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2023.104462","article-title":"Observer-based event-triggered adaptive platooning control for autonomous vehicles with motion uncertainties","volume":"159","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transp. 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