{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T20:08:24Z","timestamp":1773346104242,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Undergraduate Training Programs for Innovation and Entrepreneurship","award":["202310286021Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202310286021Z"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vision-based techniques have become widely applied in structural displacement monitoring. However, heat haze poses a great threat to the precision of vision systems by creating distortions in the images. This paper proposes a vision-based bridge displacement measurement technique with heat haze mitigation capability. The properties of heat haze-induced errors are illustrated. A dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) is used to mitigate the heat haze in images, and the speeded-up robust features (SURF) algorithm is employed to extract the displacement. The proposed method is validated through indoor experiments on a bridge model. The designed vision system achieves high measurement accuracy in a heat haze-free condition. The proposed mitigation method successfully corrects 61.05% of heat haze-induced errors in static experiments and 95.31% in dynamic experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24165151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T06:25:24Z","timestamp":1723271124000},"page":"5151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Novel Method for Heat Haze-Induced Error Mitigation in Vision-Based Bridge Displacement Measurement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3334-1352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xintong","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7212-8754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baoquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6942-984X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongming","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9961-5503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenchen","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruoyu","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weihang","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaijing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2023.110408","article-title":"Continuous Bridge Displacement Estimation Using Millimeter-Wave Radar, Strain Gauge and Accelerometer","volume":"197","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mech. 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