{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T08:32:30Z","timestamp":1782203550733,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises","award":["124020600009-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["124020600009-2"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises","award":["5239GS1\/91983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5239GS1\/91983"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises","award":["1021062912374-2-1.3.6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1021062912374-2-1.3.6"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises","award":["23-79-30017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-79-30017"]}]},{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["124020600009-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["124020600009-2"]}]},{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["5239GS1\/91983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5239GS1\/91983"]}]},{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["1021062912374-2-1.3.6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1021062912374-2-1.3.6"]}]},{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["23-79-30017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-79-30017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the design of optical frequency-domain reflectometers (OFDRs), digital signal processing, and sensors based on special optical fibers. We discuss state-of-the-art approaches to improving metrological characteristics, such as spatial resolution, SNR, dynamic range, and the accuracy of determining back reflection coefficients. We also analyze the latest achievements in the OFDR-based sensors: the accuracy of spatial localization of the impact, the error in detecting temperatures, deformation, and other quantities, and the features of separate measurement of various physical quantities. We also pay attention to the trend of mutual integration of frequency-domain optical reflectometry methods with time-domain optical reflectometry, which provides completely new sensing possibilities. We believe that this review may be useful to engineers and scientists focused on developing a lab setup, complete measurement instrument, or sensing system with specific requirements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24165432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T12:58:07Z","timestamp":1724417887000},"page":"5432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Newest Methods and Approaches to Enhance the Performance of Optical Frequency-Domain Reflectometers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ivan A.","family":"Lobach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8086-8218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei A.","family":"Fotiadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium"},{"name":"S.P. Kapitsa Research Institute of Technology, Ulyanovsk State University, 42 Leo Tolstoy Street, 432970 Ulyanovsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4666-098X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasily A.","family":"Yatseev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7820-7736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuri A.","family":"Konstantinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Acad. Korolev Street, 614018 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1890-6906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fedor L.","family":"Barkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Acad. Korolev Street, 614018 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Claude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Acad. Korolev Street, 614018 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry A.","family":"Kambur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Acad. Korolev Street, 614018 Perm, Russia"},{"name":"Applied Mathematics Department, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Komsomolsky Avenue 29, 614990 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim E.","family":"Belokrylov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Acad. Korolev Street, 614018 Perm, Russia"},{"name":"Optical Reflectometry Metrology and Sensing Laboratory, LLC, Komsomolsky Avenue 69, 614039 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artem T.","family":"Turov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Acad. Korolev Street, 614018 Perm, Russia"},{"name":"General Physics Department, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Komsomolsky Avenue 29, 614990 Perm, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1582-7567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry A.","family":"Korobko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.P. Kapitsa Research Institute of Technology, Ulyanovsk State University, 42 Leo Tolstoy Street, 432970 Ulyanovsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1063\/1.92872","article-title":"Optical frequency domain reflectometry in single-mode fiber","volume":"39","author":"Eickhoff","year":"1981","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. 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