{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T04:06:25Z","timestamp":1781582785296,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation (NSF) of China","award":["22304118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304118"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation (NSF) of China","award":["23YF1431000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YF1431000"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation (NSF) of China","award":["18DZ2254200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18DZ2254200"]}]},{"name":"S&amp;TCSM of Shanghai","award":["22304118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304118"]}]},{"name":"S&amp;TCSM of Shanghai","award":["23YF1431000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YF1431000"]}]},{"name":"S&amp;TCSM of Shanghai","award":["18DZ2254200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18DZ2254200"]}]},{"name":"International Joint Laboratory on Resource Chemistry (IJLRC)","award":["22304118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304118"]}]},{"name":"International Joint Laboratory on Resource Chemistry (IJLRC)","award":["23YF1431000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YF1431000"]}]},{"name":"International Joint Laboratory on Resource Chemistry (IJLRC)","award":["18DZ2254200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18DZ2254200"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials","award":["22304118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304118"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials","award":["23YF1431000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YF1431000"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials","award":["18DZ2254200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18DZ2254200"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering","award":["22304118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304118"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering","award":["23YF1431000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YF1431000"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering","award":["18DZ2254200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18DZ2254200"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis","award":["22304118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304118"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis","award":["23YF1431000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YF1431000"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis","award":["18DZ2254200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18DZ2254200"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wearable sensors for sweat trace metal monitoring have the challenges of effective sweat collection and the real-time recording of detection signals. The existing detection technologies are implemented by generating enough sweat through exercise, which makes detecting trace metals in sweat cumbersome. Generally, it takes around 20 min to obtain enough sweat, resulting in dallied and prolonged detection signals that cannot reflect the endogenous fluctuations of the body. To solve these problems, we prepared a multifunctional hydrogel as an electrolyte and combined it with a flexible patch electrode to realize real-time monitoring of sweat Zn2+. Such hydrogel has magnetic and porous properties, and the porous structure of hydrogel enables a fast absorption of sweat, and the magnetic property of the addition of fabricated Fe3O4 NPs not only improves the conductivity but also ensures the adjustable internal structures of the hydrogel. Such a sensing platform for sweat Zn2+ monitoring shows a satisfied linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.16\u201316 \u00b5g\/mL via differential pulsed anodic striping voltammetry (DPASV) and successfully detects the sweat Zn2+ of four volunteers during exercise and resting, displaying a promising path for commercial application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24175627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T07:45:47Z","timestamp":1725003947000},"page":"5627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Magnetic Porous Hydrogel-Enhanced Wearable Patch Sensor for Sweat Zinc Ion Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengzhong","family":"LvZeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaijie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yichuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kejia","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3017-4215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haifeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanxin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, J., Fang, Y.S., and Chen, J. 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