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We discuss the fundamental principles and fabrication techniques of SPEs, highlighting their adaptability and cost-effectiveness. The review examines various modification strategies, including nanomaterial incorporation, polymer coatings, and biomolecule immobilization, which enhance sensor performance. We analyze the application of SPEs in detecting protein, genetic, and metabolite biomarkers associated with breast cancer, presenting recent advancements and innovative approaches. The integration of SPEs with microfluidic systems and their potential in wearable devices for continuous monitoring are explored. While emphasizing the promising aspects of SPE-based biosensors, we also address current challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and real-world applicability. The review concludes by discussing future perspectives, including the potential for early screening and therapy monitoring, and the steps required for clinical implementation. This comprehensive overview aims to stimulate further research and development in SPE-based biosensors for improved breast cancer management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24175679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T12:54:42Z","timestamp":1725281682000},"page":"5679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Screen-Printed Electrodes as Low-Cost Sensors for Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yin","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}]},{"given":"Zhuang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qianwan Institute, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3149-0594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shichao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}]},{"given":"Peizheng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qianwan Institute, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"}]},{"given":"Ningbin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qianwan Institute, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"}]},{"given":"Kaiqiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qianwan Institute, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qianwan Institute, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd., Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7090-9610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengte","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qianwan Institute, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd., Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5957-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soncn.2017.02.009","article-title":"Early Detection and Screening for Breast Cancer","volume":"33","author":"Coleman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. 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