{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:23:21Z","timestamp":1760145801922,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to ensure the reliability and accuracy of long-term temperature measurement where the thermometers are discommodious or even impossible to access for conventional periodical calibration, a study on miniaturized in-situ self-calibrated (MISSC) thermometers based on Ga and Ga-Zn fixed points was conducted using temperature scale transfer technology. One MISSC thermometer consists of three parts: the first is the fixed-points hardware, including a container with two cells separately filled with Ga and Ga-Zn; the second is the temperature sensing hardware, made of a Type T thermocouple; the third is the mini-power heating hardware, made of a film resistance. The measurement and calibration (M&amp;C) system comprises a temperature measurement and data processing subsystem and a mini-power heating control subsystem. Then, an in-situ self-calibration can be carried out by mini-power heating from a room temperature of about 20 \u00b0C, and then by comparison between the measured phase transition plateau results and the standard fixed-points, i.e., Ga fixed point (about 29.76 \u00b0C) and Ga-Zn fixed point (about 25.20 \u00b0C). A series of experiments were performed, and the results show that: (1) both the proposed hardware design and the self-calibration method are feasible, and (2) the \u03a616 mm \u00d7 25 mm MISSC thermometer is found to be the most miniaturized one that can realize reliable self-calibration in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s24175744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T08:46:22Z","timestamp":1725439582000},"page":"5744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Study on Miniaturized In-Situ Self-Calibrated Thermometers Based on Ga and Ga-Zn Fixed Points"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Haiying","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8681-4301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenlu","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9135-6670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongjian","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"given":"Yuqiang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15559","DOI":"10.1021\/ja407219k","article-title":"A highly sensitive mixed lanthanide metal\u2013organic framework self-calibrated luminescent thermometer","volume":"135","author":"Rao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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